Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of several solid tumors. However, acute kidney injury (AKI) is occurs in a half of CDDP-treated patients. Traditional biomarkers including blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and seru...
Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of several solid tumors. However, acute kidney injury (AKI) is occurs in a half of CDDP-treated patients. Traditional biomarkers including blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) are still used for detection of CDDP-induced AKI, but these biomarkers are not specific or sensitive. In addition, age is a factor that needs to be considered in drug therapy and the responsiveness of children may differ from adults receiving CDDP treatment. Therefore, the present study was identified specific and sensitive biomarkers of CDDP-induced renal injury with emphasis on 3-week-old rats with comparison to 20-week-old rats. All animals were single injected with CDDP (10 mg/kg, i.p.). After 3 days, all animals were sacrificed and serum, urine, and kidney tissues were collected. CDDP-induced proximal tubular damage was apparent from histopathological examination, being more severe in 3-week-old rats accompanied by increased number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells. This was associated with elevated urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), glutathione-S-transferase alpha (GST-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). Moreover, KIM-1 mRNA levels in the kidney and urinary excretion levels of KIM-1 were significantly increased in 3-week-old rats. Taken together, these results suggest that the use of multiple methods including urinary excretion levels and Multiplex assay are appropriate to identify age-specific biomarkers for CDDP-induced AKI. Especially, significant increases in urinary KIM-1, GST-α, TIMP-1, VEGF levels may help to early diagnosis of young patients with CDDP-induced AKI.