벼 깨씨무늬병 발생의 환경요인 분석

국문 초록 (Abstract)

벼 깨씨무늬병 발병 원인을 구명하기 위하여 경북지역 상습발생지 토양을 대상으로 토양특성, 식물체의 양분함량 및 이병정도에 따른 벼 수량감소 정도를 조사하고 깨씨무늬병 발생에 영향을 주는 인자를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 발병포장의 토양유형은 양분보유력이 낮은 사질습답 50%, 사질답이 28.3%로 전체 78.3%였고, 배수불량 토양이 67.4%를 차지하였다. 2. 병 발생이 심한 영남내륙산간 및 동해안 중, 남부지역에서 강수량이 많았고, 평균기온, 최고기온, 최저기온 및 습도와 깨씨무늬병 발병과는 관계는 부의 상관이 있었고, 강수량과는 정의 상관이 없었다. 3. 발병포장의 토양 화학성은 경북지역 논토양의 화학성에 비해 유기물, 치환성양이온, 유효규산 함량이 매우 낮은 편이며, 특히 정상지에 비해 유효규산, 아연함량이 유의하게 낮았다. 4. 이병주의 양분함량은 정상주에 비해 질소, 규산의 함량이 매우 낮았다. 5. 피해가 심한 벼는 정상 벼에 비해 간장 및 수장이 짧았고, 등숙비율은 27.9% 감소되었으며, 쌀 수량은 약 37% 정도 감수되었다. 6. 벼 깨씨무늬병 발병에 따른 미질 특성은 피해가 심할 수록 쇄미 및 심복백미의 증가로 완전미율이 11.5% 정도 더 떨어졌으며, 단백질 함량은 현저히 높아져 식미치는 피해가 높을수록 현저히 저하되었다. 7. 따라서 깨씨무늬병 발생은 양분보유력이 낮고 양분의 용탈이 심하며 유효규산 함량이 낮은 사질토양에서 주로 발생되며 생육후기 양분결핍에 의해 주로 발생되는 것으로 사료되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the late growth stage of rice plant, the growth declines even though they grow well in early growth stage. This phenomenon is called autumn declining and it often accompanies the infection of Helminthosporium leaf spot disease. This study was carried out to identify the related environmental factors and to establish the integrated control system of Helminthosporium Leaf Spot Disease in rice. The total area of infected paddy field by Helminthosporium leaf spot was 470 ha in 2000 and 1,004 ha in 2001, which occupied about 1% of the total paddy area in Gyeongbuk province, Korea. The ill-drained sandy paddy occupied 50% of the total area of infected paddy fields and followed by sandy paddy (28%). Comparing the content of soil elements between infected and normal paddy, it was clarified that the organic matter content of normal was higher than that of infected paddy and the contents of inorganic elements such as Mn, Fe, Zn and available SiO2 were also higher in normal paddy. The results of comparing the inorganic elements between infected and normal rice plants also showed the same results. The contents of inorganic elements such as MgO, SiO2 , Fe, Mn were higher in normal rice plants. Especially highly significant difference of SiO2 content on both soil and rice plants was noticeable.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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