북한이탈청소년의 상위정서철학과 외상 후 성장 및 우울 간의 관계 = relations between North Korean Refugee Adolescents' Meta-Emotion Philosophy, Post-traumatic Growth and Depression.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Using the sample of North Korean refugee adolescents (NK adolescents henceforce), with their ages ranging from 16 to 19, this research studies the relationship among their meta-emotion philosophy, posttraumatic growth, and depression. In specific, this study examines the correlations among the three variables, and the effect of meta-emotion philosophy of the NK adolescents on their posttraumatic growth and depression. Moreover, this study also examines the effect of their posttraumatic growth on their depression. Lastly, this study analyzes the mediating role of posttraumatic growth on the relationship between NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy and their depression.
Forty NK adolescents, aging from 16 to 19 and residing in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Incheon, and Chungcheongbuk-do, were recruited for this study. The measurements used in the study are the following: First, to measure NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy, we used ‘Child and Adolescent Meta-Emotion Interview(CMEI)’ which was developed by Katz and Windecker-Nelson(2002), and was adapted into the Korean language by 남은영, 송수정(2013). Moreover, in order to analyze the interviews, we used ‘Child and Adolescent Meta-Emotion Coding System(CAME),' developed by Katz and Windecker-Nelson(2004) as the rating standard. Second, to measure the posttraumatic growth of the NK adolescents, we used 'Korean version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory(K-PTGI)' originally developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun(1996), adapted into the Korean language by 송승훈(2007), and later validated by 송승훈 et al(2009). Third, to measure the depression of NK adolescents, we used Integrated Korean version of CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), originally developed by Radloff(1977) and later validated by 전겸구 et al(2001).
The findings of this study are the followings: First, this study examined the correlations among NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy, posttraumatic growth and depression. First of all, as to the relationships among the sub-areas of the meta-emotion philosophy, this study found that the emotional awareness and understanding of the NK adolescents are positively correlated with their emotional expressivity, emotional regulation and emotional remediation. Moreover, their emotional expressivity is positively correlated with emotional regulation and emotional remediation. In addition, there existed a positive correlation between emotional regulation and emotional remediation. As to the relationship between NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy and posttraumatic growth, there existed a positive correlation between emotional remediation and the level of posttraumatic growth. As to the relationship between NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy and depression, emotional awareness and understanding, emotional expressivity, emotional regulation and emotional remediation were all negatively correlated with the level of depression. Lastly, as to the relationship between the NK adolescents' posstraumatic growth and depression, their existed a negative correlation between the level of the posttraumatic growth and the level of depression.
Second, this study examined how the three variables influence each other. First of all, as to the effect of NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy on their posttraumatic growth, this study found the emotional remediation positively affects the level of the posttraumatic growth. Next, as to the effect of NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy on their depression, the emotional remediation negatively affects the level of the depression. Lastly, as to the effect of NK adolescents' posttraumatic growth on their depression, the higher the level of posttraumatic growth, the lower the level of depression.
Third, this study examined the mediating role of NK adolescents' posttraumatic growth on the relationship between their meta-emotion philosophy and depression. The result was that there existed a partial mediation, where emotional remediation both directly influences the level of depression and indirectly influences it through its effect on the mediator. This shows that the NK adolescents' emotional remediation plays an important role on reducing the level of depression, both directly and indirectly.
The contributions of this study are the following: First, the emotional status of NK adolescents is recently getting more and more attention, and this study examines in detail their emotional capability using child/adolescent meta-emotion philosophy developed by Katz and Nelson(2002).
Second, this study overcame the weaknesses of the survey method by utilizing the interview method when measuring the NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy.
Lastly, this study found the NK adolescents' meta-emotion philosophy has a significant influence on their emotional stability. In specific, the emotional remediation plays a especially significant role among the different areas of the meta-emotion philosophy. This means that the emotional remediation is a critical factor which can promote NK adolescents' psychological adjustment and safety. These results are expected to contribute to the development of the emotion programs for NK adolescents.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 이론적 배경 10
• 1) 북한이탈청소년의 심리적 특성 10
• 2) 아동.청소년 상위정서철학 12
• 3) 외상 후 성장 16
• 4) 청소년의 우울 19
• 5) 청소년의 상위정서철학과 외상 후 성장 및 우울 22
• (1) 아동.청소년의 상위정서철학과 외상 후 성장 22
• (2) 청소년의 외상 후 성장과 우울 25
• (3) 청소년의 상위정서철학과 우울 27
• 3. 연구문제 30
• Ⅱ. 연구 방법 31
• 1. 연구대상 31
• 2. 연구도구 34
• 1) 아동.청소년의 상위정서철학 34
• 2) 청소년의 외상경험 설문지 36
• 3) 우울 39
• 3. 자료분석 41
• Ⅲ. 연구 결과 42
• 1. 북한이탈청소년의 상위정서철학, 외상 후 성장 및 우울 간의 상관관계 43
• 2. 북한이탈청소년의 상위정서철학이 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향 45
• 3. 북한이탈청소년의 상위정서철학이 우울에 미치는 영향 46
• 4. 북한이탈청소년의 외상 후 성장이 우울에 미치는 영향 47
• 5. 북한이탈청소년의 상위정서철학과 우울 간의 관계에서 외상 후 성장의 매개적 역할 48
• Ⅳ. 논의 51
• 참 고 문 헌 62
• 부 록 85
• ABSTRACT 94