고대의 이상 정치 형태인 무위이치(無爲而治)에 대한 유가(儒家)의 해석관점 = The Neo-Confucian Construction toward the Non-Doing Government as the Most Ideal Way of Politics in Ancient China

국문 초록 (Abstract)

The ``Non- Doing Government``(무위이치) had been regarded and discussed as the most ideal way of politics in ancient China among the major political thoughts, Confucianism,Legalism and Taoism, almost for 17centuries. It is a kind of Laissez-Faire state. It is noninterference policy of ruler(philosopher king) toward his subjects. He is only occupied in cultivating himself and making a perfect moral person out of himself. Then his morally perfected personality move and stir the natural conscience of his subjects, and they all become right-minded, and in the end morally ideal country can be established. This recovery of natural conscience on the part of his respective subject can``t be accompolished through coercion but only the moral example of ruler and the spontaneous movement of mind from the part of his respective subject. From this, his policy of Laissez-Faire follows, and no other policy can replace it. But from our rational and empirical point of view, it appears impossible, for some kind of communicating device is indispensible for the moving power of the ruler``s moral paragon to be dissipated to all the subject over the country where direct confrontation among the constituents is impossible. This study aims to investigate Neo-Confucian construction of the ``Non-Doing Government``, which presented ``Autonomy Around Local Gentlemen``(鄕約) as the communicating device.