현대적 젠더 의식의 다차원성에 대한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the multidimensional configurations of gender ideals among young adults in South Korea and their socioeconomic correlates. Using nationally representative data of young women and men (aged 19-39 in 2020, N,=8,917), I employ latent class analysis to identify distinct patterns of gender ideals. The analysis reveals five distinct groups: egalitarians, who support gender equality principles without identifying as feminists; the indifferent, who display neutral attitudes toward gender issues; feminists, who actively embrace both gender equality and feminism; hostile male victims, who support gender equality while expressing strong anti-women and anti-feminist sentiments; and conservatives, who endorse traditional gender roles. The indifferent group constitutes the largest proportion across both genders, followed by egalitarians. Results from multinomial logistic regression analysis show that labor market conditions (such as unemployment or non-regular employment) have no significant association with gender ideal configurations. However, education level, income, subjective class perception, age, and marital status emerge as significant predictors of gender consciousness types. These findings yield two important insights into contemporary gender dynamics in South Korea. First, while media and political discourse predominantly focus on feminist and anti-feminist positions, these groups represent minorities, with most young people holding moderate or egalitarian stances. Second, gender ideals often exhibit contradictory configurations that transcend simple economic explanations, suggesting the need for a more nuanced understanding of young adults' gender ideals.