酪農經營基盤과 經營成果 分析 = Economical Analysis on the Farm Structure and Dairy Farm Management

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本 硏究는 道內 25個 酪農農家에 對한 酪農經營基盤 및 經營成果 分析을 하기 위하여 施行하였으며 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다.
1. 25個 酪農農家의 總 乳牛飼育頭數는 417頭였고 그중 經産牛는 291頭로 搾乳牛 250頭 乾乳牛 41頭였다. 飼育規模別에 依한 成牛換算頭數는 戶當 平均 13.41頭이었고 經産牛 比率은 86.8%였다.
2. 飼料作物圃의 戶當 平均 面積은 3.56ha이었고 經産牛 頭當 平均 面積은 0.31ha, 飼料作物圃와 改良草地는 1.28ha이었다.
3. 戶當 畜舍 平均面積은 185.1㎡, 倉庫는 39.2㎡이었고 經産牛 頭當面積은 3.3㎡으로 나타났고 silo는 頭當 平均 6.7?/? 이었다.
4. 資金投資는 經産牛 頭當 6,770천원을 投入하고 있고 比率은 土地資本 55.9%, 乳牛資本 23.8%, 建物資本 9.1%, 流動資本 6.8%, 大農機具資本 4.3%이었다.
5. 經産牛 頭當 平均 牛乳年間 生産費는 1,677,346원 이었으며 이중 經營費는 71.9%(1,205,694원)이었다. 總生産費中 飼料費는 37.0%로 가장 높았다.
6. 飼育規模 平均 kg當 牛乳生産費를 보면 264.??원으로 나타났고 生産費가 가장적은 規模階層은 15頭以上 飼育農家로 237.??원이었고 가장많은 規模는 7-9頭 飼育農家로 334.??원으로서 規模間에 差異는 97.??원이었다.
7. 經産牛 頭當 1日 平均 産乳量을 보면 12.9kg(年間 3,937kg)이었고 搾乳牛 頭當 1日 平均 15.0kg(年間 4,879kg)으로 나타나 規模階層別로는 15頭以上이 16.0kg(年間 4,879kg)으로 가장 産乳量이 많았다.
8. 祖收入은 牛乳販賣收入에서 65.6%(1,238,109원)를 차지했고 송아지 評價額 31.0%(585,749원), 其他收入은 2.0%였다.
戶當 祖收入 平均은 21,968,293원, 頭當 平均은 1,887,310원 이었다.
所得은 頭當 平均 681,617원 이었고 戶當 所得은 7,934,019원 이었으며 純收益은 頭當平均 209,964원, 戶當平均은 2,443,985원으로서 純收益에서는 7-9頭 飼育農家만이 赤字를 발생하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This survey was carried out to analyze the dairy farm management and structure on 25 dairy farms in Juju Do.
The results of economical analysis are as follows.

1. The total number of dairy cattle was 417 which consisted of 291 cows. (250 milking cows, 41 dry cows and 126 follows.) The average livestock unit per farm was 13.41 L.U.

2. The average forage crop area per farm was 3.56 ha (0.31 ha/head). Average forage crop area plus pasture per head was 1.28 ha.

3. Cattle shelter per farm was 185.1㎡ (15.9㎡ per cow) ; storage was 139.2㎡ (3.3㎡per cow) and silo was 6.7 ?/? per cow.

4. The annual investment per cow was 6,770 thousand won, in the proportion of 55.9% land, 23.8% dairy cow ; 9.1% building ; 6.8% recurrent and 4.3% equipment.

5. Average milk production cost per cow was 1,677,346 won, 71.9% (1,205,694 won) was operational expenditure and feeding cost amounting to 37.0% of the total cost.

6. Average cost per kg of milk 264.68 won and cost of kg milk production varied by 97.73 won from the lowest and highest. The former was 237.03 won with the herd size of 15 head plus latter was 333.76 won with the herd size of 7-9, respetively.

7. Average daily milk yield per cow was 12.9kg (3,937kg/year) and daily milk production of milking cow averaged 15.0kg (4,583/year). The highest milk production was founding in the herd of over 15 head with a daily average 16kg (4,879kg/ year).

8. The gross income composed of receipts from milk sales (65.6%), estimated value of calves (13.0%), weight gains of heifer (2.0%), compost and other value (1.3%). The gross income per farm averaged 21,968,293 won and 1,887,310 won per head. Income per cow was 618,617 won, and per farm was 7,934,019 won on the average. It was found that the farm with a herd size of 7-9 did not more any profit