Response to Drought Stress of Two Strawberry Cultivars (cv. Kurdistan and Selva)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of drought stress on some physiological parameters in strawberry, one experiment with potted strawberry cultivars ‘Kurdistan’ and ‘Selva’ was conducted in summer 2008. The experiment was performed with four drought stress treatments [control (75% of field capacity), S1: mild drought stress (50% of field capacity), S2: severe drought stress (25% of field capacity) and R: one day after rewatering]. Physiological parameters such as: leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (A/gs), chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrate contents were measured in leaves of strawberry subjected to different drought stress conditions as well as one day after rewatering. The results showed that RWC, MSI, A, gs, E, and chlorophyll of two cultivars decreased as soil water content was reduced. A/gs was highest under mild water stress for both cultivars. ‘Kurdistan’ had lower A, gs and E than ‘Selva’. RWC, MSI and A/gs of ‘Kurdistan’ were higher than ‘Selva’. Recovery of these parameters was faster for ‘Kurdistan’ than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll contents of ‘Kurdistan’ was higher than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll recovery didn’t occur one day after rewatering. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates increased under severe drought stress. ‘Kurdistan’ had higher proline content compared to ‘Selva’ under severe drought stress. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates were reduced in both the cultivars one day after rewatering. This study revealed that moderate drought stress affects gas exchange while severe drought stress affects chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrates levels.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Delaney, A.J, "biosynthesis and osmo regulation in plants" 4 : 1-8, 1993

2 Galmes, J, "Water relations and stomatal characteristics of Mediterranean plants with different gowth forms and leaf habits: responses to water stress and recovery" 290 : 139-155, 2007

3 Chaves M.M, "Understanding plant responses to drought - from genes to the whole plant. Funct" 30 : 239-264, 2003

4 Flexas, J, "Understanding down-regulation of photosynthesis under water stress: future prospects and searching for physiology tools for irrigation management" 144 : 273-283, 2004

5 Torrecillas, A, "Strategies for drought resistance in leaves of two almond cultivars" 118 : 135-143, 1996

6 Escalona J.M, "Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis under water stress in field-grown grapevines. Austr" 26 : 421-433, 1999

7 Klamkowski, K, "Response to drought stress of three strawberry cultivars grown under greenhouse conditions" 16 : 79-188, 2008

8 Montanaro, G, "Response of photosynthetic machinery of field-gown kiwifruit under Mediterranean conditions during drought and rewatering" 45 : 533-540, 2007

9 Bates, L.S, "Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies" 39 : 205-207, 1973

10 Grant, O. M, "Physiological and morphological diversity cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananasa) in response to water deficit" 68 : 264-272, 2010

11 Lawlor, D.W, "Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants" 25 : 275-294, 2002

12 Morgan, J.M, "Osmotic adjustment in the spikelets and leaves of wheat" 31 : 655-665, 1980

13 Trovato, M, "Multiple roles of proline in plant stress tolerance and development" 19 : 325-346, 2008

14 Klamkowski, K, "Morphological and physiological responses of strawberry plants to water stress" 71 : 159-165, 2006

15 Mittler, R., "Living under ‘dormant’ canopy: a molecular acclimation mechanism of desert plant Retama raetam" 25 : 407-416, 2001

16 Signer, S.M, "Influences of different water stress treatments on growth, development and production of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)" 614 : 605-611, 2003

17 Chaves, M.M, "How plants cope with water stress in the field" 89 : 907-916, 2002

18 Bota J., "Genetic variability of photosynthesis and water use in Balearic grapevine cultivars" 138 : 353-361, 2001

19 Chaves, M.M, "Gas exchange studies in two Portuguese gapevine cultivars" 70 : 639-647, 1987

20 Lichtenthaler, H.K, "Extraction of photosynthetic tissues: chlorophylls and carotenoids" F4.2.1-F4.2.6., 2001

21 Wibbe, M.L, "Effects of fruiting and drought or flooding on carbon balance of apple trees" 33 : 269-275, 1997

22 Sairam, R.K, "Effect of moisture stress on physiological activities of two contrasting wheat genotypes. Indian" 32 : 594-597, 1994

23 Hura, T, "Effect of long-term drought stress on leaf gas exchange and fluorescence parameters in C3 and C4 plants" 29 : 103-113, 2007

24 Blanke. M.M, "Effect of flooding and drought on stomatal activity, transpiration, photosynthesis, water potential and water channel activity in strawberry stolons and leaves" 42 : 153-160, 2004

25 Flexas, J, "Effect of drought on photosynthesis in gapevine under field conditions: an evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations: Funct" 29 : 461-471, 2002

26 Fazeli, F, "Effect of drought on biomass, protein content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two sesame cultivars" 1 : 98-103, 2007

27 Pinheiro, C, "Effect of drought and rewatering on metabolism of Lupinus albus organs" 161 : 1203-1210, 2004

28 Virgona, J.M, "Drought stress induces changes in the nonstructural carbohydrate composition of wheatstems" 18 : 239-297, 1991

29 Blum, A, "Drought resistance, water use efficiency and yield potential are they compatible, dissonant or mutually exclusive. Aust" 56 : 1159-1168., 2005

30 Yanbao, L, "Differences in some morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress in two contrasting populations of Populus przewalskii" 127 : 182-191, 2006

31 Sircelj, H, "Detecting different levels of drought stress in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) with selected biochemical and physiological parameters" 113 : 362-369, 2007

32 Zhang, C-S, "Characterization of Δ1- pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to water stress" 129 : 81-89, 1997

33 Bacelar, E.A., "Changes in gowth, gas exchange, xylem hydraulic properties and water use efficiency of three olive cultivars under contrasting water availability regimes" 60 : 183-192, 2007

34 Premachandra, G.S, "Cell membranen stability, an indicator of drought tolerance as affected by applied nitrogen in soybean" 115 : 63-66, 1990

35 Khochert, G, "Carbohydrate determination by phenol-solphoric acid methods. In the handbook of physiological methods" Cambridge University Press 96-97, 1987

36 Liu, F, "Biomass partitioning, specific leaf area, and water use efficiency of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) in response to drought stress" 102 : 15-27, 2004

37 Medrano, H., "A ten- year study on the physiology of two Spanish gapevine cultivars under field conditions: effect of water availability from leaf photosynthesis to gape yield and quality" 30 : 607-619, 2003