기내 콜히친 처리에 의한 염색체 배가 감 식물체 유기 = Induction of A Chromosome-doubled Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) by in vitro Colchicine Treatment

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 시험은 최근 소비트렌드의 변화에 따라 소비자들이 쉽고편하게 먹을 수 있는 씨 없는 감 개발의 선결조건인 배수체(12x) 교배 모본을 선발하기 위해 수행되었다. 염색체가 배가된 배수체 개체를 얻기 위해 교배 종자의 배배양을 통해 얻은 유묘의 생장점에 콜히친을 처리하였다. 콜히친을 0.03, 0.05%, 0.1% 등3수준으로 처리한 결과, 0.05%에서 염색체가 배가된 개체의 발생률이 가장 높았다. 콜히친 처리 후 우리는 신초와 뿌리의 발생을 유도하기 위한 배지 조건을 구명하는 시험을 수행하였다. 신초는 10 μM, 30 zeatin이 각각 첨가된 1/2MS배지에서 생장이잘 되었으며, 뿌리는 10 mM NAA+5% DMSO에 5초 동안 침지후 1/2MS배지에 배양하였을 때 생장이 잘 되었다. 또한 콜히친처리에 의해 염색체가 배가된 개체(12x)의 기공 특성을 조사한결과 염색체가 배가된 개체(12x)는 염색체 배가가 되지 않은 개체(6x)와 교배친(6x) 보다 잎의 공변세포 밀도는 더 적고, 크기는 더 큰 경향이었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This was carried out to develop a chromosome-doubled (12x) persimmon that will be used as a crossing parent to select seedless persimmon cultivars with the change of the consumption trend recently. To obtain a chromosome-doubled (12x) persimmon, colchicine was applied at the meristem of seedlings in vitro derived from cross among hexaploid persimmon (Diopyros kaki Thunb.). These were treated with 0.03%, 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine respectively for doubling chromosome, and it was most effective at the concentration of 0.05% colchicine. After colchicine treatment, we conducted tests to elucidate conditions for inducing shoot and root development. As the result, the shoots grew best when cultivated at 1/2MS media plus 10 and 30 μM zeatin respectively, and the roots grew best when cultivated at 1/2MS media after dipping for 5 seconds at 10 mM NAA+5% DMSO. We also compared seedlings that have chromosome (6x) do not doubled and crossing parents (6x) and chromosome-doubled seedlings (12x). As the result, these chromosome-doubled seedlings (12x) showed lower stomatal density and larger stomatal size.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 오상아, "염색체 배수화제를 이용한 4배체 수박품종 개발" 한국자원식물학회 28 (28): 656-664, 2015

2 Ohgawara, T, "Somatic hybrid plants obtained by protoplast fusion between Citurs sinensis and Poncirus trifoliate" 71 : 1-4, 1985

3 Tamura, M, "Regeneration of somatic hybrids from electrofused protoplasts of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.)" 108 : 101-107, 1995

4 Sugiura, A, "Production of nonaploid (2n=9x) Japanese persimmons (Diospyros kaki) by pollination with unreduced (2n=6x)pollen and embryo rescue culture" 125 : 609-614, 2000

5 Tao, R, "Plant regeneration form callus cultures derived from persimmons (Diospyros kaki) by pollination with unreduced (2n=6x)pollen and embryo rescue culture" 125 : 609-614, 1988

6 "Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI)"

7 Chijiwa, H, "Induction of dodecaploid persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) by in vitro colchicine treatment and their growth characteristics" 10 : 309-314, 2011

8 Muhammad J. Jaskani, "Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Watermelon" 한국원예학회 45 (45): 60-65, 2004

9 Gmitter, Jr, "Embryogenesis in vitro and nonchimeric tetraploid plant recovery from undeveloped Citrus ovules treated with colchicine" 116 : 317-321, 1991

10 Yamada, A, "Controlled pollination with sorted reduced and unreduced pollen grains reveals unreduced embryo sac formation in Diospyros kaki Thunb. ‘Fujiwaragosho’" 76 : 133-138, 2007

11 Barrett, H.C, "Colchicine-induced polyploidy in Citrus" 135 : 29-41, 1974

12 Zhuang, D.H, "Chromosome numbers of Diospyros kaki cultivars" 59 : 289-297, 1990

13 Cho, M.D, "Changes of fruit structure and sugar contents during the fruit growth and development in ‘Yumyeong’ peach [Prunus perisica (L.)Batsch]" 18 : 353-359, 2000

14 Wu, J.H, "Autotetraploid tangor plant regeneration from in vitro Citrus somatic embryogenic callus treated with colchicine" 70 : 99-104, 2002

15 Murashige, T, "A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures" 15 : 473-497, 1962