Technology ventures are the prime mover of modern economic renewal by introducing technological innovations of industries and creating new value for society. For these ventures, innovation lies at the core of entrepreneurial activities and the possess...
Technology ventures are the prime mover of modern economic renewal by introducing technological innovations of industries and creating new value for society. For these ventures, innovation lies at the core of entrepreneurial activities and the possession of technological competencies is critical for their growth and survival. However, by the nature of the newly established firm, they often face several difficulties in creating innovation on their own due to the internal scarcity of necessary resources and capabilities. Therefore, the strategic effort of ventures to source necessary knowledge and resources is critical for effective innovation and growth.
This study suggests R&D collaboration with external partners as a strategic instrument for technology ventures to acquire external resources and facilitate innovation. While many scholars have stressed the importance of open innovation and R&D collaboration in particular, relatively little attention has been paid to the implementation of such open innovation practices for technology-based startups and ventures. Moreover, existing studies focusing on the impact of R&D partner selection have revealed large inconsistencies in their empirical findings while insufficiently taking into account the life cycle stage of the firm at the point of external collaboration. This shortage of empirical research with several limitations of extant studies have constrained the value of academic findings and made difficulties in implementing such strategy in practice.
To this end, this study aims to provide a strategic framework for the successful implementation of the R&D collaboration of technology ventures by investigating the beneficial type of R&D partner according to the growth stage of firm. This study categorizes a broad range of external partners into two group of partners – research-oriented partners (university, research institute) and entrepreneurial partners (large firm, SME, foreign firm) – and examines the impact of collaborating with each type of partner on the innovation performance of ventures in three different stage of growth – early stage, growth stage, and stability stage. By employing the ‘Survey of Korean Venture Firm’ data, the empirical analysis with 481 Korean ventures reveals that for early-stage ventures, entrepreneurial partners such as large firms are suggested as more beneficial types of R&D partner than research-oriented partners. For growth-stage ventures, both entrepreneurial partners and research-oriented partners are suggested as beneficial types of partners. Lastly, for stability-stage ventures, R&D collaboration with research-oriented partners such as universities contributes more effectively to innovation performance than entrepreneurial partners. Several academic contributions and practical implications will be discussed.