Acute Oral Toxicity of Different Insecticides to Two Honeybee Species, Apis mellifera L. and Apis dorsata F.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The acute oral toxicity of ten insecticides to Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata by mass feeding method were determined and their safety indices were calculated. The honeybees were acclimated in the laboratory at 28±2℃. Different insecticidal concentrations were fed to the bees in 30 percent sugar solution. Endosulfan was the least toxic to A. mellifera (LD??＝6.086 ㎍/bee) while deltamethrin was the most toxic insecticide (LD??＝0.0264 ㎍/bee), and carbaryl, oxydemeton-methyl, monocrotophos, fenvalerate, malathion, dimethoate, phosphamidon, cypermethrin and deltamethrin were about 16.5, 18.6, 29, 32.5, 39, 50, 57, 169.5 and 230.5 times more toxic than endosulfan, respectively. Safety index values of acute oral tests suggested that endosulfan should be the safest and carbaryl should be the most toxic insecticide under field conditions. Apis dorsata was found to be more susceptible than A. mellifera and endosulfan was the safest insecticide for the former honeybee also in acute oral tests (LD??＝3.903 ㎍/bee). If toxicity of endosulfan is taken as one, then carbaryl, oxydemeton-methyl, monocrotophos, fenvalerate, malathion, phosphamidon, dimethoate, cypermethrin and deltamethrin was 16.8, 18.5, 29.8, 42.7, 70.5, 130.5, 652.6 and 1364.6 times more toxic than endosulfan, respectively.

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