자기초점주의가 자전기억의 과일반화와 우울에 미치는 효과: 자기초점주의의 적응성과 부적응성 = Adaptive and Maladaptive Effects of Self-Focused Attention on Over-general Autobiographical Memory and Depression

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The objectives of this study were as follows: 1) Does self-focused attention distinguish two different types - that is adaptive one and maladaptive one - of an over-general autobiographical memory and depression? 2) Does an over-general autobiographical memory act as a moderator or a mediator in the relationship between self-focused attention and depression. The adaptive one was named “the General Self-focused Attention”, which is defined as the degree of attention that an individual pays to the self, and the maladaptive one was named “the Self-Absorption”, which is defined as the tendency of constantly giving excessive attention to one's specific aspects and having difficulty turning his attention to other aspects or the external environment. 199 undergraduates completed the Scale for Dispositional Self-focused Attention in Social Situations (SDSAS; Lee & Kwon, 2005), the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT; Mackinger, Loschin, & Leibetseder, 2000) and the CES-D. The results were as follows; Individuals with a high Self-Absorption score reported more depression, and Self-Absorption was found to be a good predictor of depression. Self-Absorption was confirmed to be maladaptive self-focused attention on depression. On the other hand, General Self-focused Attention was not confirmed as adaptive. Neither the moderating nor the mediating effects of an over-general autobiographical memory on the relation between self-focused attention and depression were supported by the study's findings. Therefore, an intervention strategy for decreasing the maladaptive self-focused attention is needed for the treatment of depression.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 일반적 및 몰입적 자기초점주의가 자전기억 과일반화와 우울에서 각각 적응적인 것과 부적응적인 것으로 구분되는지, 그리고 자기초점주의와 우울의 관계에서 자전기억 과일반화의 조절효과와 매개효과가 있는지를 밝혀보고자 시도되었다. 본 연구의 대상은 199명의 남여 대학생들로, 이들에게 자기초점주의 척도(이지영 등, 2005), 자전기억검사(Mackinger 등, 2000), 및 우울검사(CES-D)를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 일반적 및 몰입적 자기초점주의 모두 우울과 정적 상관이 있었으나, 긍정적 및 부정적 자전기억 일반화 점수와 우울 간에는 유의미한 상관이 없었다. 중다회귀분석 결과 몰입적 자기초점주의만 우울을 정적으로 예언해주는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 우울에 대해 몰입적 자기초점주의와 부정적 자전기억 일반화 간의 상호작용 효과는 유의미하지 않아 자전기억 과일반화의 조절효과는 확인되지 않았고, 몰입적 자기초점주의와 우울의 관계에서 부정적 자전기억 과일반화의 매개효과도 확인되지 않았다. 결론적으로 자기초점주의 중 몰입적 요인만 우울에 대해 부적응적으로 작용한다는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들에 대해 논의하였고, 향후 임상 실제에서 우울증 환자의 몰입적 자기초점주의를 비몰입적인 방향으로 전환시키는 것이 도움이 될 수 있음을 제언하였다.

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