모래 상자치료를 통한 우울 아동의 개성화과정에 관한 연구 = A case study on the individuation of a depressive child through sandtray therapy

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 우울행동을 보이는 아동의 모래상자 치료사례 연구이다. 연구의 대상아동은 초등학교 4학년 남아로 무기력한 행동과 또래 관계 가 원 만하지 못하고 억압된 감정을 표출하지 못하여 일상 생활에서 어려움을 호소하여 K지역 O○ 소아정신과에 의뢰된 사례이다. 모래상자치료과정은 2012 년 5월 1일부터 2012년 12월 30일까지 주 1회 약 50분간 총30회기를 실시하였다 본 연구에서 사 용한 모래상자치료 분석기준은 우울척도를 통한 점수변화와 우울행동지표에 따른 변화 그리고 모래상자 안에서 개성화 과정을 분석하였다. 또한, 내담아동을 심도 있게 이해하기 위하여 모래상자 치료 전 과정의 사진 및 내용을 공동연구자와 전문가 1인이 함께 토의하면서 분석하였다. 아동의 우울 감소에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 모래상자치료과정 사전·사후검사 점수변화를 보았으며 아동의 우울행동 변화를 살펴보기 위해 우울행동지표에 따른 변화를 관찰하였으며，Neumann의 자아 발달단계를 바탕으로 내담아동의 개성화 과정을 분석 정리하였다. 결과는 첫째，모래상자치료는 아동의 우울행동에서 우울점수가 감소되어 우울행동의 변화를 주었다. 둘째，모래상자치료에 서 우울 아동의 상징물 사용은 치료과정에서 대부분의 전과정에 물을 표현하므로 우울의 특성을 나타내어 치료과정에서 우울행동의 감소를 보였다. 셋째，모래상자 치료는 우울 아동의 개성화 과정에서 자아발달단계의 변화를 통해 무기력한 자아에서 역동적인 자아를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 대상아동은 모래상자치료과정을 통해 자신을 표현하고，자신과 타인을 수용하고 공격적인 행동 통제와 무기력한 행동을 감소하여 모래상자 치료가 유용한 치료도구임을 시사한다고 할 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study presents a case of sandtray therapy for a child with depression. The subject is a fourth grade elementary school boy who acts with varying degrees of helplessness, exhibits problems with peer relationships and appears to have difficulty smoothly expressing his repressed emotions. For these reasons, his difficulties in everyday life meant that his case was, referred to the C C pediatric psychiatry in K region. The process of the sandtray therapy was conducted over a total of 30 sessions once a week for about 50 minutes from May 1, 2012 until December 30, 2012. In the study, the analytical standards of sandtray therapy were the transition by depression scale, which rated changes depending on an index of depressive behavior and his individuation process was observed while in the sandtray. In addition, in order to understand his inner state more deeply, a co-worker, discussed all photos and stages of the sandtray therapy. To find an effect of reducing the child`s depression, we considered changes to the pre-post test, observed an index of depressive behavior in order to research changes in his depressive behavior and analyzed the client`s individuation process on the basis of child developmental stage as outlined by Neumann. The results of the study were as follows. First, the sandtray therapy brought about a reduction in depression scores in the child`s depressive behavior and brought about other changes in his depressive behavior. Second, the symbols used in the depressed child during the course of sandtray therapy showed a reduction in depressive behavior in the treatment process. Third, the sandtray treatment helped the child to progress from a helpless self to a dynamic self through the changes of self-development stages from the process of the depressed child`s individualization. As a result, the subject expressed his se]f-ego appropriately in the sandtray, accepted himself and others and his aggressive and helpless behavior were both reduced. Thus, this study indicates that sandtray therapy is a significant therapeutic tool for this kind of problematic child.

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