웅진시대 백제의 성주(城主) = The lord of a castle(城主) of Ungjin period in Baekje Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Baekje’s rule on localities was done centering on a castle. Accordingly, to understand the history of Baekje’s rule on localities, it is necessary to examine the character of the castle and a local official. In the reign of king Muryeong, the lord of a castle, who was a local official of a castle, was first dispatched in the midst of changes in domestic and foreign policies of Baekje. Baekje did an aggressive offensive against Goguryo and Gaya which bordered on Baekje. In this process, Baekje was in need of promotion of the border areas stability, and accordingly, Baekje established awareness of its own territory and people through the law, and organized them anew. At this moment, a local official’s role was also enacted anew, and a local official lord could be dispatched to the frontiers first.
Given the dispatch background and region, a lord of a castle was a local official of a strong military character. Baekje actively built castle in the frontiers, and got a lord to have direct jurisdiction over the region by dispatching a lord. Due to the internal social differentiation in Baekje, the existing Damno(擔魯: a castle in local administrative district in early Baekje) was dissolved, and a castle made a new growth, whereas frontiers were showing the appearance of directly growing up one district with a castle as the center through the castle construction and dispatch of local officials. Such an effort of Baekje was made in close connection with not only preparations for wars against Goguryeo and Gaya but also regional government system reformation for strengthening of rule on localities; at the center, there was a local official lord.
Before a lord was dispatched, a local official of a castle had been Dosa. The castle, to which Dosa was dispatched, was Damno. Damno had jurisdiction over a certain range as a military, administrative foothold. With a change happening to Damno due to the growth of a castle, a lord came to emerge as a title of the local official. With a castle becoming important as a unit of rule on localities, and with the emphasis on a local official’s military role, a lord was called as a renewed title of a local official. A lord was dispatched to the frontiers of Baekje first, and with gradual expansion, a castle could get settled as ‘Castle’ of ‘Bang-County-Castle(prefecture)’ system.