중국의 “디지털 실크로드(数字丝绸之路)”: ‘중화 디지털 블록(China-centered Digital Bloc)’과 ‘디지털 위계(Digital Hierarchy)’의 부상 = China’s ‘Digital Silk Road’:The Rise of ‘China-centered Digital Bloc’ and the ‘Digital Hierarchy’

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper analyzes China’s ‘Digital silk road’, which is creating a digital ecosystem in which the digital infra and economy of ‘One belt One Road Initiative(BRI)’ member countries are connected and integrated with China. China’s Digital Silk Road provides and integrates not only the ICT infrastructure and services, but also ICT devices, products, data and technical standards, platforms, and contents which penetrate the entire digital economy of the BRI countries. This paper analyzes the expansionism and sino-centrism of China’s Digital Silk Road using the theoretical concepts of hegemony and hierarchy of International relations. The detailed expansion strategy of digital silk road is classified into three areas of ICT infrastructure, data, and standard. This paper also explains how the China is getting the hegemony in the region with the advent of the digital economy era. China’s digital silk road strategy goes beyond technical cooperation and network cooperation to form China-centered digital ecosystem and digital block. It emphasizes that it can produce a new hierarchical order of hegemony in the digital age.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 일대일로 국가들의 디지털 인프라와 데이터 등을 중국에 연결하고 통합하면서 중국 주도의 디지털 생태계를 만들어 가고 있는 중국의 ‘디지털 실크로드(数字丝绸之路)’를 분석한다. 디지털 실크로드는 시진핑 체제 중국이 주력하는 일대일로 프로젝트의 하나로, 일대일로 국가들에게 디지털 인프라와 서비스를 제공하는 것은 물론 IT기기와 상품의 수출, 플랫폼과 컨텐츠의 수출, 이를 기반으로 한 데이터 수집과 기술표준의 확산 등 해당 국가의 디지털 경제 전반에 침투하는 방식이라는 점에서 디지털 시대 중국의 헤게모니를 강화하는 기반이 될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 논문은 디지털 실크로드의 구체적인 팽창전략을 ICT기반시설, 데이터, 표준의 세 가지 분야로 분류하여 분석하고, 중국의 디지털 실크로드 전략이 단순히 기술협력과 네트워크 협력을 넘어 중국중심의 디지털 생태계, 디지털 블록을 형성하고 이는 디지털 시대 새로운 위계질서, 헤게모니 질서를 양산할 수 있다는 점을 강조한다. 결론적으로 중국이 공동번영과 인류운명공동체를 내세우면서 저발전국가들에 대한 기술, 경제, 정책적 지원과 상호 연계라는 측면을 강조하고 있는 디지털 실크로드가 한편으로는 디지털 시대 참여국가들의 대중국 의존을 심화시키면서, 디지털 시대 새로운 헤게모니 질서를 구축할 수 있다고 보고 디지털 경제시대 미중간 헤게모니 경쟁의 심화 가능성을 전망한다.

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