한국 성인에서 체질량지수에 따른 우울증 발생과의 관계: 고령화 연구 패널 조사를 이용하여 = The Association between the Body Mass Index and the Incidence of Depression in Korean Adults: Result from the Korean Longitudinal Study

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background: Several conflicting studies exist on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and depression. We investigated the effect of BMI on the development of depression in adults aged 45 years and older using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Study (KLoSA).
Methods: The data from the wave 1 (2006), wave 2 (2008), wave 3 (2010), wave 4 (2012), and wave 5 (2014) database of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging (KLoSA) were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10. To investigate the relationship between BMI and depression, ANOVA and chi-square test was used. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to estimate the risk of depression according to obesity status, by controlling for age, sex, and health-related, lifestyle, and socioeconomic variables.
Results: This study included 6,811 individuals who were not found to have depression in the first survey. The incidence of depression was the highest in the underweight group (underweight, 74.3%; normal, 63.1%; overweight, 59.5%; obese, 63.0%; severe obese, 59.9%, P<0.001). The risk of depression was significantly lower in the overweight and severe obese groups than in the underweight group after adjusting for age, sex, and demographic, social, and physical factors (overweight: hazard ratio [HR]=0.872, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.775–0.981; severe obese: HR=0.791, 95% CI=0.648–0.966).
Conclusion: The incidence of depression was the highest in the underweight group. The risk of depression was higher in the underweight group than in the overweight and severe obese groups.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경: 체질량지수(body mass index, BMI)와 우울 증상의 관계에 대하여 여러 상반된 연구들이 있는 상태로, 고령화 연구 패널 조사 (Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging study, KLoSA)를 이용하여 45세 이상의 한국 성인에서 8년간 우울 발생 빈도에 대해 BMI에 따른 차 이를 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 노동부의 고령화 연구 패널 조사(KLoSA) 1차, 2차, 3차, 4차, 5 차 자료를 이용하였다. 1차년도에 포함된 성인 중 우울증이 없는 자 를 대상으로 Kaplan-Meier 생존분석 및 Cox 회귀모형을 이용하여 분석하였다.
결과: 1차 조사에서 우울증이 없다고 판단된 성인은 6,811명(저체중 그룹 233명, 정상 그룹 2,899명, 과체 그룹 2,097명, 비만 그룹 1,454명, 고도비만 그룹 128명)이었으며, BMI에 따른 저체중 그룹, 정상 그룹, 과체중 그룹, 비만 그룹, 고도비만 그룹에서 연령, 성별, 교육수준, 배 우자 유무, 노동 여부, 음주 여부, 고혈압 유무, 당뇨병 유무, 인지 기 능, 운동여부, 주관적 건강 상태에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 우울증 발생 정도는 저체중 그룹에서 가장 높게 나타났다(저체중 그룹 74.3%, 정상 그룹 63.1%, 과체중 그룹 59.5%, 비만 그룹 63.0%, 고도비 만 그룹 59.9%, P<0.001). 성별, 나이 인구사회학적 요인, 생활건강 요 인, 신체 정신 요인을 보정한 후 저체중 그룹과 비교하였을 때 과체 중 그룹과 고도비만 그룹에서 우울증 발생 위험이 유의하게 감소했 다(과체중 그룹: hazard ratio [HR]=0.872, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.775–0.981; 고도비만 그룹: HR=0.791, 95% CI=0.648–0.966). 결론: 우울증 발생 정도는 저체중 그룹에서 가장 높았으며, 우울증 발생 위험 또한 과체중 그룹과 고도비만 그룹에 비해 저체중 그룹에 서 높게 나타났다.

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