Characteristics and Survival of Korean Anal Cancer From the Korea Central Cancer Registry Data

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: In Korea, anal cancer is rare disease entity with specific clinical characteristics. Therefore, no survival analysis with a sufficient patient population has been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean anal cancer, focusing on the survival according to tumor histologies, sex, and a specific age group, using the nationwide cancer registry.
Methods: Using the Korea Central Cancer Registry, we analyzed a total of 2,552 cases from 1993 to 2010. We assessed the 5-year relative survival by using tumor histology. In addition, survival differences of Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) stage were analyzed for both sexes and for young-age cancer (younger than 40 years) and advanced-age cancer (older than 70 years).
Results: The 5-year relative survival among anal cancer patients increased from 38.9% for the period 1993–1995 to 65.6% for the period 2006–2010. The anal squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histology and showed better survival than other types of cancer. Females demonstrated better survival than males in all SEER stages. The 5-year survivals for patients in whom anal cancer developed before the age of 40 and at or after the age of 40 were 62.4% and 51.6%, respectively. The 5-year survival for patients in whom cancer developed at or after the age of 70 was much worse than that for patients in whom the cancer had developed prior to that age.
Conclusion: Korean anal cancer has certain distinctive characteristics of survival according to tumor histology, sex, and age. Despite limitations on available data, this study used the nationwide database to provide important information on the survival of Korean patients with anal cancer.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Tomaszewski JM, "Twenty-five-year experience with radical chemoradiation for anal cancer" 83 : 552-558, 2012

2 Allal AS, "Treatment of anal carcinoma in the elderly: feasibility and outcome of radical radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy" 85 : 26-31, 1999

3 최병민, "Treatment Outcomes of Anorectal Melanoma" 대한대장항문학회 27 (27): 27-30, 2011

4 Chang AE, "The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade: the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society" 83 : 1664-1678, 1998

5 Ishizone S, "Surgical treatment for anorectal malignant melanoma: report of five cases and review of 79 Japanese cases" 23 : 1257-1262, 2008

6 Charnley N, "Sebag-Montefiore D. Effective treatment of anal cancer in the elderly with low-dose chemoradiotherapy" 92 : 1221-1225, 2005

7 Lestrade L, "Radiochemotherapy and brachytherapy could be the standard treatment for anal canal cancer in elderly patients? A retrospective single-centre analysis" 30 : 402-, 2013

8 De Vuyst H, "Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva, vagina and anus: a meta-analysis" 124 : 1626-1636, 2009

9 Iddings DM, "Practice patterns and outcomes for anorectal melanoma in the USA, reviewing three decades of treatment: is more extensive surgical resection beneficial in all patients?" 17 : 40-44, 2010

10 "PaulDickman. com [Internet]. [cited 2012 Dec 7]"

11 Eeson G, "Outcomes of salvage surgery for epidermoid carcinoma of the anus following failed combined modality treatment" 201 : 628-633, 2011

12 World Health Organization, "Manual of the international statistical classification of diseases, injuries, and causes of death. Vol. 1. 10th revision" World Health Organization 1992

13 Oblak I, "Long term outcome after combined modality treatment for anal cancer" 46 : 145-152, 2012

14 Fritz AG, "International classification of diseases for oncology: ICD-O" World Health Organization 2000

15 Ederer F, "Instructions to IBM 650 programmers in processing survival computations" National Cancer Institute 1959

16 Nilsson PJ, "Importance of clear resection margins in anorectal malignant melanoma" 97 : 98-103, 2010

17 Jung KW, "Do female cancer patients display better survival rates compared with males? Analysis of the Korean National Registry data, 2005-2009" 7 : e52457-, 2012

18 Bentzen AG, "Chemoradiotherapy of anal carcinoma: survival and recurrence in an unselected national cohort" 83 : e173-e180, 2012

19 Nelson RA, "Changing patterns of anal canal carcinoma in the United States" 31 : 1569-1575, 2013

20 정규원, "Cancer Statistics in Korea: Incidence, Mortality, Survival and Prevalence in 2010" 대한암학회 45 (45): 1-14, 2013

21 Meguerditchian AN, "Anorectal melanoma: diagnosis and treatment" 54 : 638-644, 2011

22 Che X, "Anorectal malignant melanomas: retrospective experience with surgical management" 17 : 534-539, 2011

23 Bello DM, "Anal versus rectal melanoma: does site of origin predict outcome?" 56 : 150-157, 2013

24 Machalek DA, "Anal human papillomavirus infection and associated neoplastic lesions in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis" 13 : 487-500, 2012

25 Ogawa H, "Adenocarcinoma associated with perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease" 33 : 685-689, 2013