공익법인의 회계정보가 기부자의 기부의사결정에 미치는 영향 : 예산집행 정보와 회계품질을 중심으로 = Does Accounting Information of Korean Nonprofit Organizations influence Donors’ Donation Decisions? Evidence from Analyses on Budget Usage and Accounting Quality

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 공익법인의 예산집행 정보와 회계품질을 중심으로 공익법인의 회계정보가 기부자의 기부의사결정에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 2014년부터 2017년까지 사회복지사업을 영위하는 공익법인을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 전체 비용에서 고유목적사업에 지출된 비용의 비중(즉, 고유목적사업비율)이 높을수록 기부자가 예산집행 적정성을 보다 긍정적으로 평가해 차기 기부금이 유의하게 늘어나는 것으로 확인된다. 다만 회계품질이 낮은 경우 이러한 고유목적사업비율과 차기 기부금 간의 양(+)의 관계가 약화되는 것으로 관측되는 바, 동일한 회계정보라 하더라도 해당 정보의 신뢰성 수준에 따라 기부자의 정보의존도에 편차가 발생하는 것으로 나타난다. 본 연구의 결과는 국내 공익법인의 회계투명성 수준에 대한 그간의 우려에도 불구하고 공익법인의 회계정보가 기부자의 기부의사결정에 유용하게 활용됨으로써 효율적 자원배분을 촉진하는 정보체계로서 효과적으로 기능하고 있음을 시사한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigates whether accounting information of Korean nonprofit organizations (hereinafter NPO) influences donors’ subsequent-period donation decisions. Analyzing NPOs running social-welfare businesses which account for the largest portion of total donation revenues in Korea for the period 2014-2017, we find that donors perceive NPOs reporting higher program ratios (i.e., the ratio of program expenses to total expenses) as more efficient in budget usage and thus, increase the amount of subsequent-period donation. However, the positive association between program ratio and subsequent-period donation is attenuated for NPOs with low accounting quality, suggesting that donors’ reliance on NPOs’ accounting information varies with the credibility of the information contents. Collectively, our findings indicate that despite the increasing concerns on accounting transparency of Korean NPOs, donors incorporate the two attributes of accounting information - contents and quality - in their decision-making and that the accounting information system functions effectively, contributing to the efficient resource allocation in the nonprofit sector.

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