二面交雜에 의한 참깨 諸形質의 組合能力 分析 = Diallel Analysis of Combining Ability on some Agronomic Characters of Sesame

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本硏究는 참깨의 組合能力을 評價하기 위하여 形質의 特性이 다른 13個 品種을 選定하여 兩親으로 하고 1985年에 二面交雜에 의한 正逆交雜의 方法으로 모든 組合에서 交雜하여 이들 兩親과 F_1雜種을 1986年에 晋州農林專門大學 實習圃場에서 亂塊法 3回反復으로 配置하여 栽培하고 14개形質을 調査하여 Griffing^8)의 分析方法으로 組合能力을 算出한 바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다.
1. 水原 11號와 12品種間의 交配組合에서 8個組合의 F_1이 收量에 대해 兩親의 가장 높은 收量보다 높았고 株當朔數에서도 3個의 組合에서 높게 나타났다. (表1)
2. 全體形質의 組合能力分析에서 一般組合能力과 特定組合能力은 共히 高度의 有意差를 나타냈으나 草長이나 着朔節數의 特定組合能力의 有異性은 認定되지 않았고 一般組合能力이 特定組合能力 값보다 높았다.(表2).
3. 水原 11號가 收量과 開花日數, 莖直徑 株當朔數에서 높은 一般組合能力效果를 가졌고 草長, 節間長, 着朔部位長, 着朔節數에서는 小林040006호가 成熟日數, 朔長, 千粒重에서는 UCR182-14가 각각 가장 높은 一般組合能力을 나타냈다(表3)
4. 特定組合能力은 兩親과 形質 및 組合에 따라서 달랐으며 收量에 대한 特定組合能力은 水原 11號×水原 65號, UCR182-14×Calinde, Hybrid25 FAM2 ×水原 11號, 水原 11號× Calinde의 交配組合이 가장 높아(표4), 이들 組合이 多收를 目標로 한 雜種强勢育種에서 가장 期待되는 組合으로 看做되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This experiment was conducted to estimate the combining ability of sesame(Sesamumindicum L.)
Thirteen varieties selected for different characteristics were intercrossed in all comb inations by a complete diallel set including reciprocal in 1985.
parents and F_1 hybrids were grown in a randomized block with three replications at Experiment Farm of Chin ju Agricultural & Forestry Junior College in 1986.
Griffing's method was utilized to analyze combining ability effects and evaluate for fourteen agronomic characters.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. In crosses between twelve varieties and Suwon11, eight hybrids showed high yield for seed yield per plant compared to the better parent, three showed high yield for number of capsules per plant. (Table 1)
2. Analysis of variance of all characters revealed a large and highly significant component for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), but no SCA effect was observed for plant height and number of nodes with capsule. (Table 2)
3. The parent Suwon11 and the highest GCA effects in four characters, ie., days to flowering, stem diameter, number of capsule and yield per plant.
On the other hand, the highest GCA effects for four characters, that is , plant height, internode length, stem length with capsule and number of nodes with capsule, and three characters, that is , days to maturity, capsule length and 1000 seed weight were evaluated at the parents Solim040006 and UCR182-14, respectively.(Table3).
4. SCA effects were varied by parents, characters and crosses, but crosses Suwon11×Suwon 65, UCR182-14×Calinde, Hybrid25 FAM2×Suwon11 and Suwon11×Calinde had the highest SCA effects for yield(Table 4), and these crosses were considered the most promising on yield for hybrid breeding.