풍자 이미지를 통한 1898년의 재구성 －인종주의 너머 힘의 정치로－ = Pro-imperialism, Anti-imperialism, and Power Politics: The Year 1898 as Reflected in Visual Images

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study is to reexamine the historical hypothesis that the year 1898 was the climax of the popular enthusiasm for imperialism. A comprehensive understanding of the year 1898, in this paper, requires an analysis of metaphor, symbols, colonial policy, and their interrelationships in political cartoons of the media. Cartoonists have used multiple approaches to express their expansionist opinions about the national entities: archetypes of the other that demean the colony or the enemy(such as non- or sub-human creatures, skin colors, gender); those that ridicule and deride the colony(such as children, devils, the handicapped); those that glorify the national prestige. American-Spanish War- expressed in the imagery of cartoons in which the United States first projected itself as an empire to take colonies from the Caribbean to the Pacific and Asia-was uniquely suitable to the use of metaphors. The anti-imperialists, on the other hand, squared off against the pro-war and expansionist jingoes in public discourse, but their impact was limited; the discourse on biological race did not appeared in editorial cartoon metaphors. Pictorial fusion images of ideologies of race and empire on national stereotypes serve to delineate a larger debate about metaphor and purpose of foreign policy in world affairs. Analysis shows that caricaturing the national symbols were influenced by power politics struggles among national entities, not just by the race-based thinking. Visual images of the media in 1898 illuminate that there were in the public the fever of expansionist discourses on race, ideologies, and also more or less anti-imperialist humanitarianism, but most of all, imperialist superpower’s politics had an overwhelming support domestically and overseas. (Republic of Korea Air Force Academy / [e-mail])

참고문헌 (Reference)

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16 "The San Francisco Call"

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56 "Puck, 1898.9.7"

57 "Puck, 1898.9.7"

58 "Puck, 1898.6.1"

59 "Puck, 1898.5.25/10.5"

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61 "Puck, 1898.5.18"

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78 "New York World, 1898.2.3"

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80 "New York World, 1898.2.28"

81 "New York World, 1898.11.14"

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101 "Leslie’s Weekly, 1898.4.21"

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119 "Evening Star.(Washington), 1898.4.16/7.23"

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123 "Detroit News"

124 "Deseret Evening News"

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129 "Cleveland Leader"

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133 "Chicago Tribune, 1898.4.19"

134 "Chicago Tribune, 1898.3.18/4.2/5.1"

135 "Chicago Record Herald"

136 "Chicago Liberty" Published by Central Anti-Imperialist League 1899

137 "Chicago Inter-Ocean"

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140 "Caras y Caretas"

141 "Captain Alfred T. Mahan to Senator Henry Cabot Lodge"

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143 "Boston Herald, 1898.8.8"

144 "Boston Globe, 1898.8.23"

145 "Boston Globe, 1898.8.23"

146 "Blanco y Negro, 1898. 2.19"

147 "Blanco Y Negro, 1898. 7.2"

148 "Baltimore News"

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151 "Anaconda Standard"

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