18th and 19th century porcelain analysis : a forensic provenancing assessment

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• 1 Porcelain and Its Composition = 1
• 1.1 What Is Porcelain – The Birth of Porcelain in Europe and Its English Roots? = 1
• 1.2 Raw Materials in Porcelain Manufacture and Their Geological Sourcing = 11
• 1.2.1 Petuntse or China Stone = 16
• 1.2.2 Soapstone / Soaprock / Talc / Steatite = 17
• 1.2.3 Kaolinite / Kaolin / China Clay = 18
• 1.2.4 Glass Frit = 19
• 1.2.5 Soda Ash / Potash = 25
• 1.2.6 Bone Ash = 27
• 1.2.7 Ball Clay = 28
• 1.3 Celadons, Faience and Majolica = 31
• 1.3.1 Celadons = 31
• 1.3.2 Faience and Majolica = 32
• References = 33
• 2 The Development of British Porcelain from the Eighteenth into the Nineteenth Centuries = 37
• 2.1 The Literature of Nineteenth Century Porcelain = 41
• 2.2 Forensic Analytical Foundation = 46
• 2.3 What Information Can Be Inferred from the Chemical Analysis of Porcelains? = 57
• References = 67
• 3 Appraisal of the Earliest Chemical Analyses of Sir Arthur Church (1894) and of Herbert Eccles & Bernard Rackham (1922) = 71
• 3.1 Summary of the Analytical Data for the Nantgarw and Swansea Factories = 74
• 3.2 The Analytical Study of Nantgarw and Swansea Porcelains : Implications for a Wider Interpretation in Ceramics Analysis = 78
• 3.3 Analytical Data and the Definition of a Factory of Porcelain Production from the Elemental Oxide Percentage Data : A Case Study for Caughley and Coalport Porcelains = 80
• 3.3.1 Similarity Between Factory Products = 81
• 3.4 Replicate Analyses for Coalport and Caughley Porcelains 88
• 3.5 Compositional Analyses of Swansea, Nantgarw and Coalport Porcelains = 93
• References = 98
• 4 Analytical Studies of Porcelains : Correlation with the Holistic Information About the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Factories = 101
• 4.1 Chemical Analytical Information 101
• 4.2 Historical Summaries of Some Early Porcelain Factories 108
• 4.2.1 Inclusion of Data for Chinese and Japanese Porcelains 137
• 4.3 A Terminological Issue : Bone China Versus Phosphatic Porcelain = 138
• 4.4 Historical Issues for Modern Analytical Interpretation = 140
• 4.5 The Curious Case of the Fulham Pottery = 141
• 4.5.1 The Role of the Royal Society in English Porcelain Manufacture = 143
• 4.5.2 The Burghley House Jars = 148
• References = 150
• 5 Analytical Compositional Data and the Interpretation of the Data Acquired from Elemental Oxide Determinations = 157
• 5.1 Analytical Data and Source Attribution of Porcelains = 163
• 5.1.1 New Discoveries = 164
• 5.2 The Sensitivity of Analytical Determinations to the Differentiation Between Body Paste Compositions = 167
• 5.3 Analytical Data Ranges and Values = 175
• References = 177
• 6 The Molecular Spectroscopic Analysis of Porcelains = 179
• 6.1 Raman Spectroscopy = 180
• 6.2 The Basis for the Raman Spectral Data Interpretation for Ceramics = 185
• 6.3 Experimental Objectives of the Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of English and Welsh Porcelains = 186
• 6.4 Porcelain Specimens for Non-destructive Raman Spectroscopic Analysis = 189
• 6.4.1 Summary of the Raman Spectral Data Interpretation for Porcelains = 194
• 6.5 Correlation Between the Elemental Oxide and Molecular Spectroscopic Data = 203
• References = 204
• 7 The Earliest Porcelain in Europe … Meissen? = 207
• 7.1 The Early French Porcelain Factories = 207
• 7.2 Paste Compositions of the Early European Porcelain Factories = 211
• 7.3 Summary and Conclusion = 213
• References = 214
• 8 The Role of Analytical Data in the Holistic Interpretation of Porcelains = 215
• 8.1 The Knowledge Base and the Compatibility of Analytical Data and Expert Opinion = 216
• 8.1.1 The Analytical Dilemma : A Contretemps Between Analytical Attribution and Expert Opinion = 217
• 8.2 Case Studies in Porcelain Identification Where the Analytical Information Is at Variance with Established Expert Opinion = 224
• 8.2.1 The Curious Case of Hard Paste Nantgarw China = 224
• 8.2.2 The Strange Case of Bow Porcelain – Or Perhaps Not? = 230
• 8.2.3 A Very Rare Swansea Mug? = 232
• 8.2.4 A Unique Rockingham Porcelain Table = 233
• 8.3 Case Studies in Porcelain Identification Where the Analytical Information Is Supportive of Established Expert Opinion = 238
• 8.3.1 A Very Rare Swansea Watering Can = 239
• 8.3.2 A Nantgarw Trumpet-Shaped Spill Vase = 239
• 8.3.3 Analysis of a Rare Barry-Barry Derby Porcelain Plate = 241
• 8.3.4 A Swansea Trumpet-Shaped Spill Vase? = 244
• 8.3.5 A Nantgarw Coffee Can? = 245
• 8.4 Scientific and Artistic Expertise – The Holistic Approach and Potential for Re-interpretation? = 246
• 8.5 Public Perception of the Two Cultures of Scientific Analysis and Expert Opinion = 252
• References = 255
• 9 The Future for the Holistic Analysis of Porcelains = 257
• 9.1 The Holistic Approach = 257
• 9.2 Potential Analytical Techniques for the Dating of Ceramics and Porcelains = 260
• 9.3 Elemental Oxide Versus Molecular Spectroscopic Analyses = 262
• 9.4 The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy for Dating Porcelains : Is This a Viable Procedure? = 263
• References = 264
• 10 Summary and Conclusions = 265
• 10.1 What Has Analytical Science Achieved in Porcelain Identification? = 266
• 10.2 The Forensic Requirement for the Holistic Approach to Porcelain Attribution = 267
• 10.3 Future Work = 268
• Reference = 270
• Appendices = 271
• Glossary = 313
• Index = 319