로동신문에 나타난 경제 관련 기사 추이 분석: 1945~1972 = Analysis on Newspaper Articles on the Economy in "Rodongsinmun": 1945~1972

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The sources of this paper are newspaper articles on economic affairs in the main newspaper in North Korea, ``Rodongsinmun``(1946.1972) and its predecessor OJung RoO(정로: 正路) (November 1945.August 1946), and the purpose is to see the transition of North Korea``s economy during the period. The percentage of newspaper articles on economy to all articles in ORodongsinmunO and OJung RoO is 24.3%, calculated from the numbers of 63,690 to 262,278. The number and the contents of articles on the economy are found to be different for the time passed. This study shows the results of the analysis on newspapers`` articles on economic affairs, dividing the period from 1945 to 1972 in three sub-periods; from the liberation movement period to the Korean War in 1950, post-war national recovering period in the 50s, and enforcing national defense and economy period in the 60s and early 70s. First, after the Korean liberation from Japanese colonial rule, North Korean War broke out. The most frequent news is on agriculture with a percentage of 30.1%, followed by articles on the mining industry with 8.7%, railway transportation with 8.2%, and clothing industry with 5.7%. OJung RoO shows agricultural news in 57.6% of frequency (among this, 73.8% is about land reform), Oproduction enforcement moveO at 7.0%, Ocontribution for state foundationO at 5.4%, mining industry at 4.3%, and railway at 4.3%. In addition, yearly transition shows different categories in contents. Although North Korea``s economy had been very active during the period, it was seen that North Korea focused on the quantity of newspaper articles on the economy. For example, the number of news on agriculture increased 2.5 times from 41 articles in 1945 to 102 in 1950. Especially, Oproduction increasement struggleO was emphasized in every sector of industry. Newspaper articles on economic policies in the 1950s dramatically increased from 1953 when the Korean War was over. There were approximately 300.500 newspaper articles between 1951 and 1953, 900 articles in 1954, 1,100 in 1955, and 800 in 1956. The reason of the increasing number of newspaper articles is that the nation-wide post-war recovering projects started in late 1953 and therefore public interests in the economy was raised. North Korea tried to solve problems with the Enterprise Management System in which an enterprise was ruled by one supervisor system(in factory management system) and to set up a mobilizing system during this period. In the 1960s, the frequency of economy-related news decreased from its turning point of the year of 1962 and 1963. Both the number and the rate decreased by half, comparing the early 1960s and the late 1960s. It shows that North Korea``s economic situation was not well-off or its public interest in economy moved to other sectors in the late 1960s. By that time, North Korea adopted a policy of parallel development of the national defense and economy due to difficulties in foreign relations, but, in fact, the phenomena of decreased number of economy-related news came two or three years prior to the policy adopted, which should be noticed carefully here. In other words, the policy of national defense and economy could be a necessary condition for North Korea``s economic crisis, but whether it could be a sufficient condition should be examined more in depth. In conclusion, the frequency of each period is similar one another as a whole with no significant difference. However, there is a tendency that increased and that news on economic affairs is cut down from its turning point of the years of 1962 and 1963.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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