≪說文≫“可聲”系所見的“漢-阿準同源詞” = “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word” in “可 phonetic radicals”of ≪SHUO WEN JIE ZI≫

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

According the previous studies of the author, there exists a special corresponding relation between archaic Chinese language and Altaic language, which is beyond the general loanword relation, leading to the so-called “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”. This paper is going to discuss the “Chinese-Altaic correspondence” issue and the “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate phrase” which are related to the “可 phonetic radicals” in ≪SHUO WEN JIE ZI≫. In archaic time, “可phonetic radicals” words in “歌section” are read as [*KaR](AC). However, many words of“可phonetic radicals” can find corresponding [KVR] ones in Altaic language, and even form “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate phrase”. Main “Chinese-Altaic correspondence example” and “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate phrase” are shown as follows. 1. “[*KaR](AC-‘可phonetic radicals’ word): [KVR](Altaic)” correspondence example. (1) 가[*kaal?](AC-big boat): [gela](Manchu-big boat), [keru](K-boat), [karap](Tur kish-ferryboat). (2) 阿[*qaal](AC- big hill): [kuru]、[huru](Manchu-high hill). (3) 가[*khaals](AC-fujianese call oyster as ‘가’): [kul](MK-oyster). 2. “Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word” related to “可 phonetic radicals”(1)“[KVR-]/{河} Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”河[*gaal](AC-river)：[*gul](PK-river)，[*golo](PT-river bed)，[*KuR](屈)(AK-river)，[*gol](Orhon-lake)，[rool](MoW-river、valley). (2)“[kVR-]/{怒} Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”訶[*qhaal](AC-berate and get angry)：[kol](MK-rage、anger)、[horodaho](Mongolian- rage)、[qorqui](Written Mongolian-get angry). (3)“[KaR]/{柯、枝、柄} Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”柯[*kaal](AC-big branch、helve)：[*kar>ka-rε,t∫aru,keri](K-long wood、handle、trunk、stems)，[kara](Japanese-trunk、stems、handle、stalk)，[gar-](Manchu-branch). (4)“[KaR-]/{鵝、雁} Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”가[*kaal](AC-swan goose)：[*garu](PKT-goose)，[*garu](PT-swan)，[*garu](PK-goo se)、[*keru](巨老)(AK-goose)，[kari](Japanese-wild goose)，[garu](Manchu-swan). (5)“[KVR-]/{爬蟲} Chinese-Altaic quasi-cognate word”가[*KaR](AC-lizard)：[*kuliŋ](PT-larva、reptile)，[*kuli-n](PTM-insect、snake)，[*kuliŋ](PK-python)，[*kulin](PT- larva、reptile). In this paper, it is worthwhile to note that, except for a handful of “[KaR](AC):[KaR-](Altaic)” correspondence, most of “Chinese-Altaic correspondence” is “[KaR](AC):[*KUR-](Altaic)”. The exact meaning of this kind of orderly correspondence relation still needs further investigation.

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