1950~60년대 인천의 전후 복구와 인구변동 = Postwar Restoration and Population Changes in Incheon from the 1950s to the '60s

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The most important variable in establishing and implementing national policy is population. Since the population is always in the denominator, the first part of statistical data since modern times mostly begins with demographics. In addition, rapid population fluctuations lead to various social changes. Population fluctuations in a community also lead to changes in that community, not just by themselves. The purpose of this article is to summarize the statistical changes in population fluctuations in Incheon from the liberation period to the post-Korean War, post-war recovery, and to the 1970s, the period of economic development, and to understand the driving force of such population fluctuations.
Liberation and the Korean War had a great influence on population fluctuations in South Korea. In particular, the Incheon area has the closest port to Seoul, and it is also an area that has experienced rapid population fluctuations due to landing operations during the war. Since then, population fluctuations have been continuously shown from post-war recovery to the creation of industrial complexes during the economic development period. This was not simply because of the nature of the metropolitan area, but because Incheon played a role as the gateway city to Seoul. If you check the population fluctuations in Incheon, you can see how the population fluctuations in the local community in the metropolitan area progressed, and what social changes it led to.
To this end, statistical data from the early liberation period related to population fluctuations in Incheon were supplemented, and the characteristics of population fluctuations in Incheon were analyzed until the industrial development period. The phenomena and results of population fluctuations in Incheon were partially mentioned through existing studies, but the impact of post-war recovery in the 50s and 60s was not mentioned in detail. Therefore, in this article, we looked at the driving force of population change such as the recovery of small and medium-sized manufacturing industries in Incheon and neighboring regions through US Economic Aid(ICA) at the time and changes in businesses. On the one hand, this will be the starting point to give a small implication to the current situation of 'population extinction'.