Study of the factors affecting the adoption of intelligent public transport systems (IPTS) in Kinshasa City, Democratic Republic of the Congo

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the factors affecting the adoption of IPTS in Kinshasa-DRC, within the framework of ITS. The research aimed to assess the feasibility and practicality of implementing a toiled IPTS master plan customized to the Congolese context, providing valuable insights for policymakers primarily focused on physical transportation infrastructure development. The research model is built on previous studies, incorporating elements from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and variables from TTF, TOE, and TRUST models.
Data collection involved surveying 240 Congolese participants using Google Forms, with subsequent analysis conducted using SPSS and Amos 23.0 software. The survey results are analyzed to derive policy implications conducive to the successful implementation and expansion of public transport services through intelligent public transport systems.
The study's findings revealed that factors affecting effort expectancy include task characteristics, technological characteristics, organizational aspects, and social influence. Trust, however, does not significantly impact effort expectations. Performance expectancy is affected by task characteristics, social influence, and trust, with no substantial effect observed in technological characteristics and organizational aspects. Both effort expectancy and performance expectancy positively correlate to the intention to use IPTS.
Based on these results, the research suggested that the DRC government should prioritize enhancing the efficiency, reliability, safety, and adaptability of the IPTS system to facilitate widespread public adoption and effectively embrace established IPTS initiatives. Drawing inspiration from benchmarking developed nations, the DRC government should undertake procedural measures, including formulating a comprehensive ITS master plan and architectural framework, establishing an ITS steering committee, and securing adequate funding. Emphasizing these aspects and adopting a strategic approach can enhance the prospects of a successful IPTS integration and implementation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
• 1.1. Research Background 1
• 1.2. Research Purpose 4
• CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7
• 2.1. Overview of Intelligent Transportation Technologies 7
• 2.1.1. Smart Cities 7
• 2.1.2. Intelligent Transportation Systems 11
• 2.1.3. Intelligent Public Transportation System (IPTS) 14
• 2.1.4. IPTS in the Democratic Republic of Congo 38
• 2.2. The Current Status of Public Transportation Systems in DRC 41
• 2.2.1. The History of Public Transportation of the DRC 41
• 2.2.2. Infrastructure 43
• 2.2.3. Governance and Management 55
• 2.2.4. Current Strategies and Projects 57
• 2.3. Theories of Model 58
• 2.3.1. Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) 59
• 2.3.2. Task-technology fit (TTF) 62
• 2.3.3. Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) 64
• 2.3.4 Trust Model 67
• CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 69
• 3.1. Research Model 69
• 3.1.1. Research Hypothesis 71
• 3.1.2. Operational Definition and Measurement 78
• 3.1.3. Measurement 80
• 3.2. Population Frame 81
• 3.3. Sampling and Data Collection 82
• 3.3.1. Data Collection Method 84
• 3.4. Data Analysis 85
• CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS 87
• 4.1. Demographic Analysis 87
• 4.2. Validity and Reliability Test 89
• 4.3. Descriptive Statistics of Factors 91
• 4.4. Analysis of the Measurement Model 93
• 4.4.1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis 93
• 4.4.2. Convergent Validity 95
• 4.4.3. Discriminant Validity 98
• 4.5. Path Analysis and Hypothesis Testing 99
• 4.5.1. Model Fit Indices 100
• 4.5.2. Path Analysis 101
• 4.5.3. Moderator Effect 103
• CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 108
• 5.1. Summarized 108
• 5.1. Discussion 110
• 5.2. Suggestions 114
• 5.3. Implication of the study 116
• REFERENCES 118
• APPENDICES 130