전족과 후족의 경도 조절된 인솔 착용에 따른 보행 시 지면반력과 장시간 착화감의 변화 = The Changes in Ground Reaction Force and the Long-term Comfort during Walking by Wearing Modified Hardness of the Insole in the Areas of Fore-foot and Rear-foot

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in ground reaction force and long term comfort by wearing hardness modified insole on the areas of fore-foot and rear-foot during walking.
Background: Proper adjustment of hardness of the insole based on the function of the foot during walking would be beneficial for reducing the magnitude of the impact and improving comfort perception. Furthermore, investigating the effect of hardness modified insole on the levels of comfort during long-term comfort test may be necessary for further application.
Method: Seventeen healthy male adults (age: 22.9±1.8 years, body weight: 73.1± 8.0kg, height: 174.9±3.7cm) participated in the walking experiment and five healthy male adults from walking test (age: 29.4±5.2 years, body weight: 79.0±6.7kg, height: 175.2±1.8cm) participated in the long-term comfort test. Four insole conditions (hard hardness insole, [HI], medium hardness insole, [MI], low hardness insole, [LI], and basic insole, [BI]) in a 270mm walking shoe were applied to conduct the test. The data was collected during walking at a speed of 1.3m/s and 1.7m/s on an instrumented treadmill (Bertec, USA). Ground reaction force variables were the vertical impulse (VIM), vertical impact force (VIF), peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF), vertical loading rate (VLR), braking impulse (BIM), and propulsion impulse (PIM). Comfort variables were the width, cushioning, comfort, and foreignness.
Results: The VIM and PVGRF were greater for the hardness modified insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI during walking of 1.7m/s (p<.05). The VIF and VLR were statistically smaller for the hardness modified insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI during walking of 1.3m/s and 1.7m/s (p<.05). The PIM was greater for the hardness modified insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI during walking of 1.3m/s and 1.7m/s (p<.05). The overall cushioning was statistically greater for the hardness modified insole (MI & LI) compared with the BI.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the hardness modified insole (HI, MI & LI) on the area of fore-foot and rear-foot may be more effective in the impact absorption and the propulsion compared with the BI during walking.
Application: It is necessary to apply modified hardness of the insole to various sports movements. Future study would be warrant to consider different hardness and height in the area of arch support for a better stability and the comfort of lower extremities.

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