유럽안보방위정책 (ESDP)과 EU-NATO-미국관계 = European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) and EU-NATO-US Relations

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 글의 목적은 유럽안보방위정책 (ESDP)의 발전과 유럽연합 (EU)-북대서양조약기구 (NATO)-미국 간 관계변화의 추세를 고찰하고 대서양동맹의 향후 발전방향을 전망함에 있다. ESDP는 1998년 말 영-불 정상회담과 꼴로뉴 유럽이사회를 통해 EU의 공식개념으로 등장했고, 2000년 니스조약을 통해 연합의 공식제도로 도입되었다. EU는 이후 2003년 발칸반도에서 최초로 ESDP 작전을 시작한 이래 유럽 인근 및 멀리 떨어진 지역에서 모두 20여 차례의 분쟁관리를 위한 민간 및 군사작전을 수행해오고 있다. ESDP의 성장은 일차적으로 유럽인근지역과 역외의 분쟁을 효과적으로 관리함으로써 유럽공동체의 안정과 이익, 그리고 가치를 확보하려는 유럽정상들의 의도에 바탕을 두고 있다. 동시에 ESDP를 강화하기 위한 EU의 노력은 이미 이룩한 경제 및 법과 제도적 통합을 기반으로 더욱 높은 수준의 정치통합을 달성하여 새롭게 전개되는 21세기 세계정치의 흐름에서 더욱 독자적이고 중심적인 행위자로 부상하고자 하는 야심과 비전을 반영하고 있다. ESDP를 중심으로 EU-NATO-미국관계의 변화추세와 향후 발전방향을 살펴보기 위해 이 논문은 먼저 유럽통합과 북대서양동맹의 역사적, 국제정치적 맥락을 고찰하고, ESDP의 발전이 EU-NATO-미국관계에 미친 영향을 분석한 후, 대서양동맹의 향후 발전방향을 조망할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research is aimed at examining the evolution of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) and the implications it would have for the EU-NATO-US relations and the future of the Transatlantic Alliance. ESDP was first adopted by the European leaders as the official concept of the EU at the Cologne European Council in December 1998. Later it was incorporated into the Union's institutional structure at the Nice Summit in 2000. Ever since the first ESDP missions in the Balkans in 2003, the EU has continuously expanded the scope of ESDP alongside its efforts to develop an appropriate level of military capabilities in compatible with the causes of the ESDP. This appeared to challenge the supremacy of the NATO in European security and turned out to be one of the main causes of the transformation of the EU-NATO-US relations. The growth of the ESDP reflected the aim of European leaders designed to achieve their community's security, interest and value through effectively managing the destabilising factors surrounding Europe and beyond. At the same time it was also based the Europeanists' ambitious vision to develop the EU into a more autonomous and central player in world politics. After pondering the historical and political context of the relationship between European integration and the North Atlantic Alliance, the paper deals with the origins, processes and contents of the evolution of the ESDP. It then proceeds to survey the recent trends in the changing EU-NATO-US relations, followed by the discussions on the future of the Transatlantic Alliance in the coming decades.

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