벤잘코늄염화물의 마우스 및 랫드의 비강내 투여에 대한 폐 독성평가 = Pulmonary toxicity evaluation of intranasal administration of benzalkonium chloride in mice and rats

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Due to the spread of the COVID-19, the importance of personal hygiene and disinfection of objects and spaces is increasing.In particular, the method of disinfecting the surface of an object using a disinfectant is widely used. This study was conducted to determine the effect of airborne disinfectant components when inhaled through the respiratory tract. The test substance used benzalkonium chloride, one of the main active ingredients of disinfectants. By exposing benzalkonium chloride to the nasal passages of mice and rats, the effect on the lungs and nasal passages through the respiratory tract was investigated.
Benzalkonium chloride was exposed to the control group, the low concentration group, and the high concentration group 10 times for 2 weeks. The test substance was administered intranasally using an automatic dropper, and all animals were sacrificed 2 weeks later. Blood was collected from all animals, the lungs were weighed, and the lungs and nasal passages were collected for histopathology. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from the lungs, and TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines were analyzed. Using serum, IL-1b, CRP, and glutathione peroxidase were analyzed.
Weight gain up to the day of autopsy was lower in the low and high concentration groups compared to the control group. As a result of the hematology test, the neutrophil levels in the low and high concentration groups were increased, and the levels of leukocytes and lymphocytes were decreased. As a result of cytokine analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels showed a tendency to be lower in the low concentration group and the high concentration group compared to the control group. IL-4 levels were higher in the high concentration group compared to the control group. As a result of measuring IL-1b, CRP, and glutathione peroxidase using serum, the level of IL-1b was higher in the low and high concentration group compared to the control group, and the level of glutathione peroxidase was lower in the low concentration group compared to the control group. The level of CRP was not different from that of the control group. As a result of histopathology, secretion was observed in the nasal passages of the low concentration group of mice, and inflammation was observed in the nasal passages of the high concentration group. Inflammation was observed in the nasal cavity of the rat high-dose group, and no specific lesions were observed in the lungs. As a result of the study, the possibility of respiratory toxicity through intranasal administration of benzalkonium chloride was observed, and further studies should be conducted to analyze the clear effect.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 배경 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구 목적 3
• Ⅱ. 연구 방법 4
• 1. 시험물질 4
• 2. 실험동물 5
• 3. 시험군의 분류 및 농도설정 6
• 4. 시험물질 투여방법 및 투여기간 8
• 5. 체중 측정 및 일반증상관찰 9
• 6. 폐 장기중량 측정 10
• 7. 혈액학적 분석 11
• 8. 기관지폐포세척액 내 사이토카인 분석 12
• 9. 혈청학적 분석 13
• 10. 조직병리학적 변화 14
• 11. 통계 분석 15
• Ⅲ. 결 과 16
• 1. 체중 측정 및 일반증상관찰 결과 16
• 2. 폐 장기중량 측정 결과 21
• 3. 혈액학적 분석 결과 23
• 4. 기관지폐포세척액 내 사이토카인 분석 결과 26
• 5. 혈청 내 사이토카인 분석 결과 28
• 6. 폐 및 비강 조직병리 결과 32
• Ⅳ. 고찰 35
• Ⅴ. 결론 39
• 참고 문헌 41