성인 ADHD 성향군의 오류 후 행동 특성 = Characteristics of post-error behavior in adult ADHD tendency

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined post-error behavior in adult ADHD tendencies based on self-monitoring deficit, and relationship between characteristics of post-error behavior and adults ADHD symptoms. We have measured general performance(response time, ommission and commission errors) and post-error slowing based on response time and accuracy while accomplishing a continuous performance test(CPT), also we newly suggested that the goal recovery performance indices. Next, we have compared performance of participants between post-error behavior and executive function indices to examine whether the post-error behavior indices could be useful or not. As results, in general performance in a CPT, there was only a significant difference in a mean of response time index. In contrast, in the post-error performance indices, there were significant difference in the post-error slowing and the recovery of goal performance indices. Normal controls showed more slow response time as a correct trial after error than ADHD tendencies, and more slow response time during the recovery. Interestingly ADHD tendencies showed more short recovery time than normal controls. Next, There were significant negative correlations in nearly all indices between the post-error behavior indices and CAARS-K scale indices. There were significant correlations between the post-error behavior indices and change blindness(CB) and inhibition of return(IOR) indices, especially, many indices showed significant correlations with the amount of IOR. In addition, the result of a discriminant analysis showed that indices from the post-error behavior have significant discrimination function and discriminant loading. Taken together, the result of the present study may be useful in understanding the characteristic of the post-error behavior and symptom of self-monitoring process in adults with ADHD tendency. Finally, these mean that the post-error behavior can have high possibility of utilizing in the more sensitive neuropsychological task.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 성인 ADHD 성향군의 오류 후 수행 특성을 확인하고, 오류 후 행동 특성과 성인 ADHD 증상의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 구체적으로, 반응시간과 정반응 측정을 기반으로 연속수행과제 중 나타나는 오류와 오류 후 지연을 측정하고, 정상 수행으로의 행동 지표를 새롭게 제안하여 정상 통제군과 성인 ADHD 성향군 간의 차이를 비교하였다. 다음으로, 오류 후 행동 지표들과 변화맹시 및 회귀억제과제에서의 수행과 비교하여 오류 후 행동 지표들의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 연속수행과제의 일반 수행 지표들 중에서는 평균반응시간에서만 유의미한 차이가 관찰되었다. 그러나 오류 후 지연 지표(오류 후 즉시지연, 오류 전후 반응시간)에서는 ADHD 성향군에 비해 통제군이 유의미하게 많은 지연을 나타냈다. 그리고 정상 수행으로의 회복 지표들(정상수행회복시간, 초기 및 후기 평균반응시간)에서도 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, CAARS-K 내의 하위 척도들과의 상관분석에서도 회복 전 재 이탈 횟수를 제외한 모든 지표들에 유의미한 부적 상관을 나타냈다. 셋째, 변화맹시 및 회귀억제 과제들과의 비교에서도 오류 후 행동 지표들은 두 과제의 하위 지표들과 유의미한 상관을 보였으며, 특히 많은 지표들이 회귀억제량과 유의미한 상관을 나타냈다. 집단 변별력을 비교하기 위한 판별분석에서도, 연속수행과제의 오류 후 행동 지표들의 경우 유의미한 판별함수와 판별적재량을 나타내었다. 종합해보면, 오류 발생 후 나타나는 반응시간의 지연 및 정상 수행 회복 특성은 성인 ADHD의 증상을 잘 나타내는 지표이며, 향후 보다 민감한 연속수행기제 기반 과제에서 활용가능성이 높음을 의미한다.

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