1 Ng SC, "Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century : a systematic review of population-based studies" 390 : 2769-2778, 2018
2 Paccou J, "Vedolizumab has no efficacy on articular manifestations in patients with spondyloarthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease" 86 : 654-656, 2019
3 Feagan BG, "Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis" 369 : 699-710, 2013
4 Sandborn WJ, "Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn’s disease" 369 : 711-721, 2013
5 Sands BE, "Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis" 381 : 1201-1214, 2019
6 Feagan BG, "Ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn’s disease" 375 : 1946-1960, 2016
7 Xavier RJ, "Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease" 448 : 427-434, 2007
8 Ungaro R, "Ulcerative colitis" 389 : 1756-1770, 2017
9 Miao XP, "Tolerability of selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors used for the treatment of rheumatological manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease" (10) : CD007744-, 2014
10 Panés J, "Tofacitinib for induction and maintenance therapy of Crohn’s disease : results of two phase IIb randomised placebo-controlled trials" 66 : 1049-1059, 2017
11 Sandborn WJ, "Tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis" 377 : 496-497, 2017
12 Grell M, "The type 1 receptor(CD120a)is the high-affinity receptor for soluble tumor necrosis factor" 95 : 570-575, 1998
13 Brazil JC, "The role of polymorphonuclear leukocyte trafficking in the perpetuation of inflammation during inflammatory bowel disease" 19 : 1556-1565, 2013
14 Karreman MC, "The prevalence and incidence of axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis in inflammatory bowel disease : a systematic review and meta-analysis" 11 : 631-642, 2017
15 Schultsz C, "The intestinal mucus layer from patients with inflammatory bowel disease harbors high numbers of bacteria compared with controls" 117 : 1089-1097, 1999
16 Scarpa R, "The arthritis of ulcerative colitis : clinical and genetic aspects" 19 : 373-377, 1992
17 Bradley JR, "TNF-mediated inflammatory disease" 214 : 149-160, 2008
18 Sandborn WJ, "Subcutaneous golimumab induces clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis" 146 : 85-95, 2014
19 Currie KS, "Small-molecule agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease" 29 : 2034-2041, 2019
20 Hueber W, "Secukinumab, a human anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody, for moderate to severe Crohn’s disease : unexpected results of a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial" 61 : 1693-1700, 2012
21 최창환, "Second Korean guidelines for the management of ulcerative colitis" 대한장연구학회 15 (15): 7-37, 2017
22 박재준, "Second Korean guidelines for the management of Crohn’s disease" 대한장연구학회 15 (15): 38-67, 2017
23 Sandborn WJ, "Safety and efficacy of ABT-494 (upadacitinib), an oral Jak1 inhibitor, as induction therapy in patients with Crohn’s disease: results from celest" 152 (152): S1308-S1309, 2017
24 Lichtenstein GR, "Risk of biologic therapy-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy:use of the JC virus antibody assay in the treatment of moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease" 8 (8): 1-20, 2012
25 Feagan BG, "Risankizumab in patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease : an open-label extension study" 3 : 671-680, 2018
26 Atzeni F, "Rheumatic manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease" 13 : 20-23, 2014
27 Danese S, "Randomised trial and open-label extension study of an anti-interleukin-6 antibody in Crohn’s disease(ANDANTE I and II)" 68 : 40-48, 2019
28 Palm O, "Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies among patients with inflammatory bowel disease : a population study(the IBSEN study)" 29 : 511-515, 2002
29 Van den Brande JM, "Prediction of antitumour necrosis factor clinical efficacy by real-time visualisation of apoptosis in patients with Crohn’s disease" 56 : 509-517, 2007
30 Orchard TR, "Peripheral arthropathies in inflammatory bowel disease : their articular distribution and natural history" 42 : 387-391, 1998
31 Sands BE, "Peficitinib, an oral janus kinase inhibitor, in moderate-tosevere ulcerative colitis : results from a randomised, phase 2study" 12 : 1158-1169, 2018
32 Zundler S, "Novel insights into the mechanisms of gut homing and antiadhesion therapies in inflammatory bowel diseases" 23 : 617-627, 2017
33 Sandborn WJ, "Novel approaches to treating inflammatory bowel disease : targeting alpha-4 integrin" 98 : 2372-2382, 2003
34 Slevin SM, "New insights into the mechanisms of action of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α monoclonal antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease" 21 : 2909-2920, 2015
35 Billmeier U, "Molecular mechanism of action of anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies in inflammatory bowel diseases" 22 : 9300-9313, 2016
36 Peyrin-Biroulet L, "Modulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate in inflammatory bowel disease" 16 : 495-503, 2017
37 Hanauer SB, "Maintenance infliximab for Crohn’s disease : the ACCENT I randomised trial" 359 : 1541-1549, 2002
38 Tamanini S, "Letter to editor : new onset/recurrence of inflammatory arthralgia/spondyloarthritis in patients treated with vedolizumab for intestinal bowel disease" 38 : 609-610, 2019
39 Boland BS, "Janus kinase antagonists and other novel small molecules for the treatment of Crohn’s disease" 46 : 627-644, 2017
40 Wyatt J, "Intestinal permeability and the prediction of relapse in Crohn’s disease" 341 : 1437-1439, 1993
41 Lee JS, "Interleukin-23-independent IL-17 production regulates intestinal epithelial permeability" 43 : 727-738, 2015
42 Witowski J, "Interleukin-17 : a mediator of inflammatory responses" 61 : 567-579, 2004
43 Trinchieri G, "Interleukin-12 : a cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells with immunoregulatory functions in the generation of T-helper cells type 1 and cytotoxic lymphocytes" 84 : 4008-4027, 1994
44 Monteleone G, "Interleukin 12 is expressed and actively released by Crohn’s disease intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells" 112 : 1169-1178, 1997
45 Sands BE, "Infliximab maintenance therapy for fistulizing Crohn’s disease" 350 : 876-885, 2004
46 Rutgeerts P, "Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis" 353 : 2462-2476, 2005
47 Orchard TR, "Inflammatory bowel disease:translating basic science into clinical practice" Blackwell 553-561, 2010
48 Feagan BG, "Incidence of arthritis/arthralgia in inflammatory bowel disease with long-term vedolizumab treatment : post hoc analyses of the GEMINI trials" 13 : 50-57, 2019
49 Tadbiri S, "Impact of vedolizumab therapy on extra-intestinal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease : a multicentre cohort study nested in the OBSERV-IBD cohort" 47 : 485-493, 2018
50 Hölttä V, "IL-23/IL-17 immunity as a hallmark of Crohn’s disease" 14 : 1175-1184, 2008
51 Hanauer SB, "Human anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody(adalimumab)in Crohn’s disease : the CLASSIC-I trial" 130 : 323-333, 2006
52 Baker SJ, "Hematopoietic cytokine receptor signaling" 26 : 6724-6737, 2007
53 Ott C, "Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in IBD" 10 : 585-595, 2013
54 Sandborn WJ, "Etanercept for active Crohn’s disease : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial" 121 : 1088-1094, 2001
55 Dubash S, "Emergence of severe spondyloarthropathy-related entheseal pathology following successful vedolizumab therapy for inflammatory bowel disease" 58 : 963-968, 2019
56 Sandborn WJ, "Efficacy and safety of mirikizumab in a randomized phase 2 study of patients with ulcerative colitis" 158 : 537-549.e10, 2020
57 Sands BE, "Efficacy and safety of MEDI2070, an antibody against interleukin 23, in patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease : a phase 2a study" 153 : 77-86.e6, 2017
58 Neurath MF, "Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease" 14 : 329-342, 2014
59 Torres J, "Crohn’s disease" 389 : 1741-1755, 2017
60 Podolsky DK, "Composition of human colonic mucin. Selective alteration in inflammatory bowel disease" 72 : 142-153, 1983
61 Vermeire S, "Clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease treated with filgotinib(the FITZROY study) : results from a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial" 389 : 266-275, 2017
62 Salvarani C, "Clinical features and epidemiology of spondyloarthritides associated with inflammatory bowel disease" 15 : 2449-2455, 2009
63 Orlando A, "Clinical benefit of vedolizumab on articular manifestations in patients with active spondyloarthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease" 76 : e31-, 2017
64 Wendling D, "Arthritis occurrence or reactivation under Vedolizumab treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. A four cases report" 85 : 255-256, 2018
65 Dekker-Saeys BJ, "Ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease. III. Clinical characteristics and results of histocompatibility typing (HLA B27) in 50 patients with both ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease" 37 : 36-41, 1978
66 Varkas G, "An induction or flare of arthritis and/or sacroiliitis by vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease : a case series" 76 : 878-881, 2017
67 Janssen Research & Development, LLC, "An efficacy and safety study of ustekinumab in participants with active nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis" U.S. National Library of Medicine
68 Sandborn WJ, "Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis" 142 : 257-265, 2012
69 Colombel JF, "Adalimumab for maintenance of clinical response and remission in patients with Crohn’s disease : the CHARM trial" 132 : 52-65, 2007
70 Reinisch W, "Adalimumab for induction of clinical remission in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis : results of a randomised controlled trial" 60 : 780-787, 2011
71 Janssen Research & Development, LLC, "A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in the treatment of anti-TNF(alpha) refractory participants with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis" U.S. National Library of Medicine
72 Targan SR, "A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn’s disease. Crohn’s Disease cA2 Study Group" 337 : 1029-1035, 1997
73 Ito H, "A pilot randomized trial of a human anti-interleukin-6receptor monoclonal antibody in active Crohn’s disease" 126 : 989-996, 2004