Visceral fat and body weight are reduced in overweight adults by the supplementation of Doenjang, a fermented soybean paste

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Various forms of fermented soybean products are well documented for their health benefits. The efficacy of anti-obesogenic effect of Doenjang, one of the most commonly used seasonings in Korean cuisine, has been reported only in animal models; thus, an evaluation of Doenjang needs to be conducted in human studies. We aimed to test the hypothesis that Doenjang supplementation reduces body weight and changes body composition in overweight adults. A total of 51 overweight adults participated in this study. A group of males with BMI ≥ 23 kg/㎡ and waist to hip ratio (WHR) ≥ 0.90, and a group of females with BMI ≥ 23 kg/㎡ and WHR ≥ 0.85 were randomly assigned to either a Doenjang supplement (9.9g dry/day) group or a placebo group for a 12-week randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Anthropometric parameters, abdominal fat distribution by computerized tomography (CT) and blood components were measured before and after the intervention period. After the 12-week study, the Doenjang supplementation group had significant reductions in body weight (kg), body fat mass (kg) and body fat (%) compared to the placebo group, the supplementation of Doenjang resulted in a significant reduction in visceral fat (㎠), although no changes were observed in total and subcutaneous fat are as (㎠), serum lipid profiles and dietary intakes. The present study demonstrated that daily supplementation of 9.9g dry/day of Doenjang for 12 weeks reduces body weight and visceral fat in overweight adults.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Subjects and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• References

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 박건영, "전통 장류의 체중감소 및 지질저하 효과" 한국식품영양과학회 35 (35): 1194-1999, 2006

2 박진희, "녹차 된장이 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 체중 및혈청 지질성분에 미치는 영향" 한국식품과학회 37 (37): 806-811, 2005

3 곽정현, "과체중 여성에서 L-carnitine과 Isoflavone 보충 섭취가 체중 및내장지방 감소에 미치는 영향" 한국영양학회 40 (40): 630-638, 2007

4 Demerath EW, "Visceral adiposity and its anatomical distribution as predictors of the metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factor levels" 88 : 1263-1271, 2008

5 Lee MJ, "The unique aspects of the nutrition transition in South Korea: the retention of healthful elements in their traditional diet" 5 : 197-203, 2002

6 Jehun Choi, "The Anti-Inflammatory Action of Fermented Soybean Products in Kidney of High-Fat-Fed Rats" 한국식품영양과학회 14 (14): 232-239, 2011

7 Velasquez MT, "Role of dietary soy protein in obesity" 4 : 72-82, 2007

8 Namgung HJ, "Metabolite profiling of doenjang, fermented soybean paste, during fermentation" JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD 90 : 1926-1935, 2010

9 Chan Ho Jang, "Metabolism of Isoflavone Derivatives During Manufacturing of Traditional Meju and Doenjang" 한국식품과학회 17 (17): 442-445, 2008

10 Park SY, "Longer aging time increases the anticancer and antimetastatic properties of doenjang" ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC 22 : 539-545, 2006

11 Kwon DY, "Isoflavonoids and peptides from meju, long-term fermented soybeans, increase insulin sensitivity and exert insulinotropic effects in vitro" 27 : 244-252, 2011

12 Sung JH, "Isoflavones found in Korean soybean paste as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase inhibitors" 68 : 1051-1058, 2004

13 Lim S, "Increasing Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Korea The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 1998-2007" AMER DIABETES ASSOC 34 (34): 1323-1328, 2011

14 표영희, "Hypolipidemic Effects of Monascus-Fermented Soybean Extracts in Rats Fed a High-Fat and -Cholesterol Diet" AMER CHEMICAL SOC 57 : 8617-8622, 200909

15 de Onis M, "Global prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children" 92 : 1257-1264, 2010

16 Kim S, "Genistein enhances expression of genes involved in fatty acid catabolism through activation of PPARalpha" 220 : 51-58, 2004

17 Wu J, "Effects of isoflavone and exercise on BMD and fat mass in postmenopausal Japanese women: a 1-year randomized placebo-controlled trial" 21 : 780-789, 2006

18 Aoki H, "Effect of gammaaminobutyric acid-enriched tempeh-like fermented soybean (GABATempeh) on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats" 67 : 1806-1808, 2003

19 Youn-Soo Cha, "Effect of Genistein with Carnitine Administration on Lipid Parameters and Obesity in C57Bl/6J Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet" 한국식품영양과학회 9 (9): 459-467, 2006

20 Chung Shil Kwak, "Doenjang, a Fermented Soybean Paste, Decreased Visceral Fat Accumulation and Adipocyte Size in Rats Fed with High Fat Diet More Effectively Than Nonfermented Soybeans" 한국식품영양과학회 15 (15): 1-9, 2012

21 Chen YC, "DPPH radical-scavenging compounds from dou-chi, a soybean fermented food" 69 : 999-1006, 2005

22 Jones-Smith JC, "Crossnational comparisons of time trends in overweight inequality by socioeconomic status among women using repeated cross-sectional surveys from 37 developing countries, 1989-2007" 173 : 667-675, 2011

23 Busby MG, "Clinical characteristics and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: single-dose administration to healthy men" 75 : 126-136, 2002

24 Fan J, "Changes in the radical scavenging activity of bacterial-type douchi, a traditional fermented soybean product, during the primary fermentation process" 73 : 2749-2753, 2009

25 Gonçalves FB, "Body-mass index, abdominal adiposity, and cardiovascular risk" 378 : 227-, 2011

26 Park KY, "Antimutagenic effects of doenjang (Korean fermented soypaste) and its active compounds" 523 : 43-53, 2003

27 Daily JW 3rd, "Antidiabetic effects of fermented soybean products on type 2 diabetes" PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 30 : 1-13, 2010

28 Nakajima N, "Analysis of isoflavone content in tempeh, a fermented soybean, and preparation of a new isoflavone-enriched tempeh" 100 : 685-687, 2005

29 Yi-Seul Kim, "Analyses of Bacterial Communities in Meju, a Korean Traditional Fermented Soybean Bricks, by Cultivation-Based and Pyrosequencing Methods" 한국미생물학회 49 (49): 340-348, 2011

30 Fox CS, "Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study" 116 : 39-48, 2007

31 Song Y, "A traditional Korean dietary pattern and metabolic syndrome abnormalities" 22 : 456-462, 2012