Essential Morphosyntactic Difference between Prefixes and Suffixes in Russian

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Russian derivational morphology makes extensive use of both prefixation and suffixation in forming new words. Prefixation and suffixation exhibit markedly different characteristics. This article argues that the most salient way to differentiate between these two derivational subsystems is not through their respective positions within a word, but by generalizing about their respective places within the overall grammar. It is proposed that prefixation takes place within the syntax, while suffixation occurs within the lexical morphology module of the grammar. A survey of the morphosyntactic characteristics of prefixation and suffixations yields a series of oppositions: prefixation has little effect upon word-stress, whereas suffixation has substantial effect; marked morphological characteristics of base words are retained through prefixation, but are generally neutralized in suffixation; prefixation causes very few morphophonemic alternations, whereas suffixation triggers many alternations; prefixation does not determine morphological category, while suffixation does; prefixation has a large impact upon argument structure, while it is largely unaffected by prefixation. As a result, it can be concluded that suffixation is a relatively "deep" process, occurring close to underlying lexical structure, whereas prefixation is a "late" or "surface" process. Once prefixation is placed in the syntax, all these distinctions follow automatically via other morphosyntactic phenomena independently required in Russian. One additional consequence of this analysis is noted in conclusion: the reflexive morpheme -sja is formally a suffix, but it patterns like prefixes in all respects except position within the word.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "available at http" Unpublished ms 1979

2 "The Argument Status of Accusative Measure Nominals in Russian Journal of Slavic Linguistics 1" 251-79, 1993

3 "Syntagmatic Constraints on the Russian Prefix pere- Issues in Russian Morphosyntax" 138-54, 1984

4 "Structure and stress in the phonology of Russian Massachusetts Institute of Technology" meld : 1989

5 "Some Consequences of Lexical Phonology" pho (pho): 85-138, 1982

6 "Pristavki I glagoly Grammatika soetaemosti" 34 : 32-57, 1998

7 "Phrasal Input to Derivational Morphology in Slavic Proceedings of the Eastern States Conferences on Linguistics" 69-80, 1991

8 "On the Notions 'Lexically Related' and 'Head of a Word'" 245-74, 1981

9 "On stress and accent in Indo-European" 73 (73): 275-313, 1997

10 "Linguistics in the Morning Calm" lexical pho (lexical pho): 3-91, 1982

11 "Aspects of Russian Morphology" Slavica Publishers 1969

12 "An Articulated Theory of Aspect and Prefixation in Slavic" Michigan Slavic Papers 3 : 97-122, 1995

13 "A Syntactic Analysis of Derivational -sja in Russian American Contributions to the 1993 International Congress of Slavists" 270-84, 1993