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    일제시기 재조선 일본인 학교조합제도의 변천과 성격 -<학교조합령> 제정과 개정 내용을 중심으로- = Transition and Characteristics of Japanese School Union System in Korea During Japanese Colonial Period -Focusing on Details of Enactment and Revision in <School Union Law>-

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A60039078

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    School unions in Korea during Japanese Colonial Period were public organizations by Japanese living in Korea to establish and operate schools for their children. <School Union Law> was enacted on December 27, 1909 and enforced since January 1 of the following year by the Residency-General of Japan. Including this decree of enactment, <School Union Law> experienced three major changes until late Japanese Colonial Period such as revision decrees in 1914 and 1931. Through enactment decree of <School Union Law>, school unions settled as the core body of establishing and operating Japanese schools. Such phenomenon was maintained until the end of Japanese Colonial Period. Total of 506 school unions were established since 1908 until mid 1944, taking up 98.7% of all Pu`s and districts. Schools established and operated by school unions included primary schools and girls` high schools, but primary schools took up 94% on annual average. In 1914, the Japanese Empire abolished settlement corporations and promoted <Pu-system> while revising <School Union Law>. School unions were established also in Pu. School unions in Pu regions succeeded most of educational tasks and profitable assets of traditional resident corporations. The Japanese Empire attempted to continue discriminating education policies for Koreans and Japanese in Pu, and to cover up Japanese discontent on abolition of settlement corporations. This is because autonomic functions of Japanese on education were partially acknowledged by permitting installation of school unions under <Pu-system> The revision decree on <School Union Law> in 1931 abolished school unions in Pu regions. ``Department 1 of the Special Economy Ministry`` and ``Department 1 of Education Assembly`` were installed in Pu to be in charge of the roles previously performed by school unions. Though school unions were abolished by the system and integrated into Pu, actual functions of school unions were maintained, only with changes in affiliation, name and form. The reason for the Japanese Empire to revise <School Union Law> was to maintain educational policy for separation of Koreans from Japanese through active methods, applying appropriate changes depending on historical conditions and time. School unions were actually abolished after the fall of the Japanese Empire.
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    School unions in Korea during Japanese Colonial Period were public organizations by Japanese living in Korea to establish and operate schools for their children. <School Union Law> was enacted on December 27, 1909 and enforced since January 1 of...

    School unions in Korea during Japanese Colonial Period were public organizations by Japanese living in Korea to establish and operate schools for their children. <School Union Law> was enacted on December 27, 1909 and enforced since January 1 of the following year by the Residency-General of Japan. Including this decree of enactment, <School Union Law> experienced three major changes until late Japanese Colonial Period such as revision decrees in 1914 and 1931. Through enactment decree of <School Union Law>, school unions settled as the core body of establishing and operating Japanese schools. Such phenomenon was maintained until the end of Japanese Colonial Period. Total of 506 school unions were established since 1908 until mid 1944, taking up 98.7% of all Pu`s and districts. Schools established and operated by school unions included primary schools and girls` high schools, but primary schools took up 94% on annual average. In 1914, the Japanese Empire abolished settlement corporations and promoted <Pu-system> while revising <School Union Law>. School unions were established also in Pu. School unions in Pu regions succeeded most of educational tasks and profitable assets of traditional resident corporations. The Japanese Empire attempted to continue discriminating education policies for Koreans and Japanese in Pu, and to cover up Japanese discontent on abolition of settlement corporations. This is because autonomic functions of Japanese on education were partially acknowledged by permitting installation of school unions under <Pu-system> The revision decree on <School Union Law> in 1931 abolished school unions in Pu regions. ``Department 1 of the Special Economy Ministry`` and ``Department 1 of Education Assembly`` were installed in Pu to be in charge of the roles previously performed by school unions. Though school unions were abolished by the system and integrated into Pu, actual functions of school unions were maintained, only with changes in affiliation, name and form. The reason for the Japanese Empire to revise <School Union Law> was to maintain educational policy for separation of Koreans from Japanese through active methods, applying appropriate changes depending on historical conditions and time. School unions were actually abolished after the fall of the Japanese Empire.

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    참고문헌 (Reference)

    1 손정목, "한국지방제도ㆍ자치사연구(상)" 일지사 146-148, 1982

    2 통감관방, "한국시정연보 1906년ㆍ1907년(합집)"

    3 이기우, "한국 지방교육자치제도 개선을 위한 연구" 경성대학교 대학원 2001

    4 "학교조합령시행규칙경성부이사청령 제3호"

    5 "학교조합령시행규칙, 조선총독부령 제2호"

    6 "표 <학교조합 설립 학교:1909년~1941년>"

    7 통감부, "통감부시정일반"

    8 "통감관"

    9 "통감관"

    10 윤해동, "지배와 자치" 역사비평사 2006

    1 손정목, "한국지방제도ㆍ자치사연구(상)" 일지사 146-148, 1982

    2 통감관방, "한국시정연보 1906년ㆍ1907년(합집)"

    3 이기우, "한국 지방교육자치제도 개선을 위한 연구" 경성대학교 대학원 2001

    4 "학교조합령시행규칙경성부이사청령 제3호"

    5 "학교조합령시행규칙, 조선총독부령 제2호"

    6 "표 <학교조합 설립 학교:1909년~1941년>"

    7 통감부, "통감부시정일반"

    8 "통감관"

    9 "통감관"

    10 윤해동, "지배와 자치" 역사비평사 2006

    11 趙美恩, "조선형평사의 경제활동 연구" 誠信女子大學校 大學院 1994

    12 "조선총독부통계연보"

    13 "조선총독부시정연보"

    14 "조선총독부관보"

    15 경성일보사, "조선연감 1939년"

    16 경성일보사, "조선연감 1940년"

    17 제주도, "제주도지 상"

    18 "자료대한민국사 제1권"

    19 동선희, "일제하 조선인 도평의회·도회의원 연구" 한국학중앙연구원 한국학대학원 2006

    20 홍순권, "일제시기 부제의 실시와 지방제도 개정의 추이" 부경역사연구소 0 (0): 241-281, 2004

    21 이송희, "일제시기 부산지역 일본인의 초등교육" 부경역사연구소 19 (19): 163-202, 2006

    22 송지영, "일제시기 부산부의 학교비와 학교조합의 재정" 부산경남사학회 55 (55): 167-200, 2005

    23 송애천, "일제시기 공립학교의 재정과 운영" 동아대학교 대학원 2004

    24 김대래, "일제강점기 지방세제 정리와 지방 세목의 변화" 신라대학교 경제경영연구소 117-, 2005

    25 조미은, "일제강점기 재조선 일본인 학교와 학교조합 연구" 성균관대학교 대학원

    26 김정인, "일제강점기 경성부의 교육행정과 교육 실태" 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소 10 : 167-, 1997

    27 조미은, "일제 강점기 일본인 학교조합 설립 규모" 수선사학회 (22) : 43-81, 2004

    28 정연식, "일정하 우리나라 지방정치에 관한 고찰(1) - 지방의회의 성립과정을 중심으로 -" 경북대학교 법정대학 8 : 1970

    29 채정민, "일본지방자치제도의 개선방향" 효성여자대학교 지역사회개발연구원 8-, 1994

    30 "울릉군청 홈페이지 ‘연혁’"

    31 강재호, "식민지 조선의 지방제도와 초등학교교육" 한국지방행정연구원 13 : 2-3, 2001

    32 서울특별시 시사편찬위원회, "서울행정사" 167-168, 1997

    33 김대래, "부산일본거류민단 재정 연구(1907-1914) :부산부재정의 성립과 관련하여" 한국지방정부학회 10 (10): 181-202, 2006

    34 "매일신보"

    35 "매일신보"

    36 대구부, "대구부사"

    37 이호성, "교육자치제와 그 운영" 문교사 6-77, 1954

    38 통감부, "공보"

    39 경성부, "경성부사 2"

    40 경성부, "경성부ㆍ경성학교조합ㆍ경성부학교비 예규류집(1924. 8. 현행)"

    41 조미은, "개항∼일제강점 초기 경성의 재조선 일본인 교육기관과 경성학교조합 설립" 서울특별시사편찬위원회 (79) : 157-208, 2011

    42 車田篤, "朝鮮行政法論 下" 朝鮮法制硏究會 1934

    43 조선총독부, "朝鮮の人口現象" 민속원 103-106, 1999

    44 林原憲貞, "朝鮮にのみ設置せる學校組合を撤廢すべし" 조선총독부 (221) : 47-48, 1926

    45 日本近代敎育史事典編集委員會, "日本近代敎育史事典" 平凡社 36-, 1971

    46 김대준, "府의 세입세출예산, In 서울육백년사 4" 서울특별시 시사편찬위원회 470-484, 1981

    47 경성부, "京城府例規類集"

    48 川端源太郞, "京城と內地人 2" 日韓書房 81-82, 1910

    49 강재순, "1920년대 부산학교조합의 구성과 성격, In 부산의 도시형성과 일본인들" 선인 162-188, 2008

    50 金珠顯, "1920년대 부산지역의 학교교육" 釜山大學校 敎育大學院 1994

    51 敎育史編纂會, "(明治以降)敎育制度發達史 2" 龍吟社 1938

    52 山根倬三, "(支那滿洲朝 鮮案內)亞東指要" 東洋協會 92-93, 1925

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