The possible link of increased glucocorticoid secretion with chronic metabolic complication and insulin resistance has been suggested in diabetic patients. In type 2 diabetic patients with chronic metabolic complications, increased hypothalamic- pitui...
The possible link of increased glucocorticoid secretion with chronic metabolic complication and insulin resistance has been suggested in diabetic patients. In type 2 diabetic patients with chronic metabolic complications, increased hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis activity has been reported. Meanwhile, other studies about association of subclinical Cushing's syndrome with hypercortisolism in type 2 diabetic patients have been also continued. Recently, enhanced hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis activity in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetes complications was reported, but in that study, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was not increased significantly in diabetic patients with hypercortisolism differently from diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. In this study, therefore, we evaluated the relationship of hypercortisolism with chronic metabolic complications in Korean type 2 diabetic patients, especially with diabetic nephropathy.
This was a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted on 42 diabetic patients at the division of endocrinology and metabolism, Bundang CHA general hospital from January 2008 to September 2008. We investigated clinical characteristics and laboratory data via medical records and compared type 2 diabetic patients without microalbuminuria(group 1) with those who with microalbuminruia(group 2). We also examined the odd ratio for detecting chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus for potential risk factors using multivariable logistic regression models. The median serum cortisol level at midnight(F24) in group 2 was higher than in group 1(5.4μg/dL vs. 3.3μg/dL, p=0.050). Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of diabetic nephropathy was significantly associated with F24(OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.64, p=0.025).
In conclusion, our data showed that in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, a serum cortisol level at midnight was more increased than those who without diabetic nephropathy, and whenever F24 increased by 1μg/dL, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy would increase by 1.3 times.
Further large prospective studies are needed to investigate the possible predictive value of hypercortiosolism in development of chronic complications of diabetes.
Keywords : Increased cortisol secretion, Diabetic nephropathy, Serum cortisol at midnight, Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis