Locke敎育論의 德性訓練 考察 = A Study on the Moral Discipline in the Educational Theory of Locke

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was undertaken to investigate and consider the principles of Lockeian morality. In addition, this aimed to clarify the method and process of moral formation in his political and educational theory.
The main conclusion of this study can be summarized as follows.
First, the moral state supporting the freedom and equality of man can be attained through the cultivation of the ethical and practical reason, not the speculative reason and demonstrative knowledge. Pleasure and pain determine the judgement criteria of moral acts. So the moral principles are made up of various empirical criteria and products of relation of ideas. Therefore the evidence means for moral behaviors consists of several and supplementary factors so far as it coincides with the reason. His moral and human viewpoint is not a predeterminism of good or evil but a relativistic individualism formed by direct experience in the environment.
Second, the formation of moral character proceeds gradually through self-control and self-negation like the principle for physical discipline. He defines the formation of moral character as an artificial habituation, namely an ethical conditioning process. In order to build this secondary natural habit through the denial of natural inclination, he attempts to coordinate self-government and self-expression properly, according to the practicability, rationality and usefulness in each situation. In this respect his process of moral discipline is a middle-of-the-road way, not an unconditioned and absolute principle.
Third, he implies the definite methodological differences of moral discipline between the heteronomous and autonomous stage. In the former the authority and vigorous hard training are emphasized to rear an other-respect inclination, but in the latter the methodology puts emphasis on imitation by direct experience based on the human relationship of mutual understanding. But this imitation method can be effective only when the ability of self-legislation is within the understanding. Therefore the mere analogous and intuitive method of moral discipline must be unproper.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序言
• Ⅱ. 德性形成의 原理
• Ⅲ. 德性訓練의 過程
• Ⅳ. 德性訓練의 方法觀
• Ⅴ. 結論