『韩非子』寓言中的愚人形象研究 = A study on the image of the fool in “han feizi”’s fable

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the fable of “Han Feizi”, there is an image group composed of many ignorant and stupid “stupid” people; The emergence of such “stupid” people is not the accidental appear, but the result of Han Feizi’s conscious creation and inheritance. Behind the superficial features of the “stupid” person’s “stupid” things, it contains the creative motivation and cultural psychology of the creators. It is closely related to the social reality of the pre-Qin and the subjective factors of Han Feizi. It is not only an effective way of arranging and creating creators, but also a manifestation of its political, philosophical and academic ideas. This paper is based on the meaning of “stupid” in the pre-Qin period. Bymeans of text perusal, According to the three connotations of the word “stupid” in the pre-Qin period, the inductive research is carried out on intellectual, knowledge and temperament issues. The image of fools shaped by Han Feizi is mainly concentrated in the civilian class and the origin of stupid behavior is mainly due to lack of knowledge and experience. Many of the storylines are composed of dialogues of characters, highlighting the personality of the characters in vivid dialogues. In addition, the gender of the fools is vivid. The reason is, first of all, Han Feizi advocates the idea of “people For the small expenses, I forgot the huge benefits that will be achieved.” He believes that the people are ignorant and ignorant. This extreme contempt for the people may be the image of the fools who prompted Han Feizi to shape a large number of civilians; Secondly, Han Feizi’s ideology of “stupidity” and “intellectuality” made him think that whether it is a fool of knowledge lacking or a fool of temperament, Can work hard to become the ideal wise man; Emphasizing the guiding role of knowledge and experience in people, That is, the meaning of the wise man’s guidance and demonstration of the fool. Finally, Han Feizi is a prominent thinker of the emerging landlord class. His literary view has distinct political characteristics. Han Feizi pursues “Language emphasizes appropriate expression”, Effectively serve its way of thinking, Although the fool’s actions are ridiculously funny, they can vividly convey the author’s thoughts, causing the monarch’s thinking and reflection in humorous humor. In order to achieve the purpose of promoting their own political thoughts. Han Feizi tried to achieve the purpose of restraining people by means of the image of a fool with a vivid personality, so that people can embark on the right path. It is also to provide a basis for good public behavior in the construction of the law.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

韩非子的寓言中, 存在着一个由众多愚昧、蠢笨的 “愚” 人构成的形象群体；他们 “愚态各异” 、“蠢态可掬”。这类 “愚”人的出现, 不是偶然的诞生,而是韩非子有意识创造与继承的结果。在 “愚” 人 “愚” 事滑稽调笑的表面特征背后,蕴涵着创作者深层的创作动机和文化心理。与先秦的社会现实、韩非子的主观因素紧密相关。它既是创作者发掘、创造的行之有效的说理方式, 也是其政治、哲学、学术思想的表现载体。本论文从前秦时期 “愚”的涵义为导入点, 通过文本细读的方式, 根据先秦时期 “愚”字的三种内涵, 从智力问题、知识问题以及性情问题上进行归纳研究, 韩非子所塑造的愚人形象主要集中在平民阶层且做出愚蠢行为的本源主要在于知识和经验不足, 很多故事情节是由人物的对话构成, 以生动的对话凸显人物个性。此外, 愚人的性别色彩鲜明, 韩非子巧妙地刻画了栩栩如生的女性愚人形象。究其原因, 首先, 韩非子主张 “苦小费而忘大利”的民智观。他认为民众愚昧无知, 这种针对民众的极端轻视可能是促使韩非子塑造了大量平民的愚人形象；其次, 韩非子由 “愚”而 “智”的教化思想使他认为不管是知识缺乏性的愚人还是性情问题上的愚人, 都可以通过后天的努力变成理想的智者；强调了知识和经验对人的引导作用, 即智者对愚者的引导和示范的意义 。最后, 韩非子作为新兴地主阶级的卓越思想家, 他的文学观具有鲜明的政治特色, 韩非子追求 “言求其当”, 有效的服务于其说理方式, 愚人的所作所为虽荒诞滑稽, 但却能形象生动的传达了作者的思想, 在幽默风趣中引起君主的思考与反思, 从而达到宣传自己政治思想的目的。韩非子试图借助性格色彩鲜明的愚人形象来达到约束人的行为, 使人走上正途的目的, 更是给予法度建设提供良好民众行为基础。

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