한국-일본과 중국-대만 석곡의 유전적 차이 = Genetic differences between Korean-Japanese and Chinese-Taiwanese Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The nucleotide sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS regions and chloroplast rbcL, matK and psbA-trnH regions of 30 individuals of Dendrobium moniliforme from several localities in four countries and 28 related species of Dendrobium were compared to investigate the genetic differences among Korean, Japanese, Taiwanese and Chinese D. moniliforme, and to verify the homogeneity of D. moniliforme, which is used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. A phy- logenetic analysis showed that Korean D. moniliforme and Japanese D. moniliforme form a monophyletic group, with no significant differences between their nucleotide sequences. This confirms that they are the same species. However, the Chi- nese and Taiwanese D. moniliforme were polyphyletic. Various species related to D. moniliforme were located between the Korean-Japanese D. moniliforme and the Chinese-Taiwanese D. moniliforme, and other related species were found between individuals of Chinese-Taiwanese D. moniliforme. D. moniliforme is described in Japan, providing evidence that the Korean-Japanese D. moniliforme is the original species. In addition, our data suggest that the Chinese-Taiwanese D. moniliforme complex is a mixture of a range of other species. Further studies are required to understand the taxonomic identity of this species. In the Korean-Japanese D. moniliforme, there were almost no genetic differences among the local- ities, whereas the genetic heterogeneity was high among individuals of the Chinese-Taiwanese D. moniliforme.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리나라석곡과석곡이자연분포하는인접의일본,대만,중국석곡간의유전적차이를규명하고약 재로 유통되는 석곡의 동종성을 검증하기 위하여, 4개국의 여러 집단에서 기원한 석곡 30여 개체 및 근연의 28 종간 핵 ITS 지역 및 엽록체 rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA 지역 등의 염기서열을 비교분석하였다. 계통학적 분석 결과 한국산 석곡과 원기재지인 일본의 석곡은 단계통군을 이루었으며, 염기서열상으로도 큰 차이가 없어, 동일종으 로 판단되었다. 그러나 중국 및 대만산 석곡은 한국 및 일본 석곡과는 매우 다른 분기군들을 이루어, 측계통군 또는 다계통군을 형성하였다. 근연의 다양한 석곡속 종들이 한국-일본 석곡과 중국-대만 석곡 사이에 위치하였 고, 중국-대만 석곡 개체간에도 다양한 근연의 다른 종들이 위치하였다. 원래 석곡이 일본에서 기재되었으므로 한국-일본 석곡이 원종이다. 그러나 중국-대만 석곡은 다양한 다른 종의 복합체로 생각되며, 중국-대만 석곡의 경우 종의 실체 파악을 위하여 보다 자세한 조사가 필요하다. 우리나라-일본 석곡의 경우 집단 간의 유전적 차 이가 거의 없었고, 대만-중국 석곡의 경우는 개체간의 유전적 이질성이 매우 높았다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Chen, S. L, "Validation of the ITS2region as a novel DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plant species" 5 (5): e8613-, 2010

2 Yao, H., "Use of ITS2region as the universal DNA barcode for plants and animals" 5 (5): e13102-, 2010

3 Kress, W. J, "Use of DNA barcodes to identify flowering plants" 102 : 8369-8374, 2005

4 Xu, Q, "Two new species of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from China: evidence from morphology and DNA" 174 : 129-143, 2014

5 Shi, L. C., "Testing the potential of proposed DNA barcodes for species identification of Zingiberaceae" 49 : 261-266, 2011

6 Fay, M. F, "Taxonomic affinities of Medusagyne oppositifolia (Medusagynaceae)" 52 : 111-120, 1997

7 Nielsen, R., "Statistical approaches for DNA barcoding" 55 : 162-169, 2006

8 Sun, Y, "Phylogenetic analysis of Sorghum and related taxa using internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA" 89 : 26-32, 1994

9 Swofford, D. L, "PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony and other methods (ver. 4.0)" Sinauer Associates 2002

10 Xiang, X. G, "Molecular systematics of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae) from mainland Asia based on plastid and nuclear sequences" 69 : 950-960, 2013

11 Takamiya, T., "Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of morphologically diverse groups, Dendrobium section Dendrobium and allies" 6 : plu045-, 2014

12 Barrett, C. F, "Molecular evolution of rbcL in the mycoheterotrophic coralroot orchids (Corallorhiza Gagnebin, Orchidaceae)" 47 : 665-679, 2008

13 Posada, D., "MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution" 14 : 817-818, 1998

14 Tamura, K, "MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0" 30 : 2725-2729, 2013

15 Lee, N. S., "In The genera of vascular plants of Korea" Academy Publishing Co 1370-, 1370

16 Linnaeus, C, "In Species plantarum Tomus 2" Holmiae, Impensis Laurentii Salv 952-954, 1753

17 White, T. J, "In PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications" Academic Press, Inc 315-322, 1990

18 Asahina, H, "Identification of medicinal Dendrobium species by phylogenetic analyses using matK and rbcL sequences" 64 : 133-138, 2010

19 Trapnell, D. W, "Genetic variation and species boundaries in Calopogon (Orchidaceae)" 29 : 308-315, 2004

20 Hou, B., "Genetic diversity assessment and ex situ conservation strategy of the endangered Dendrobium officinale (Orchidaceae) using new trinucleotide microsatellite markers" 298 : 1483-1491, 2012

21 Cai, X, "Genetic diversity and population structure of an endangered orchid (Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe) from China revealed by SRAP markers" 129 : 877-881, 2011

22 Li, X, "Genetic diversity analysis and conservation of the endangered Chinese endemic herb Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (Orchidaceae) based on AFLP" 133 : 159-166, 2008

23 Ding, G, "Genetic diversity across natural populations of Dendrobium officinale, the endangered medicinal herb endemic to China, revealed by ISSR and RAPD markers" 45 : 327-334, 2009

24 Swartz, O., "Dianome Epidendri generis. Linn" 6 : 61-88, 1799

25 Tsai, C. C, "Determination of the genetic relationship of Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) in Taiwan based on the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA" 101 : 2004

26 Arca, M, "Deciduous trees and the application of universal DNA barcodes: a case study on the circumpolar Fraxinus" 7 (7): e34089-, 2012

27 Moritz, C., "DNA barcoding: promise and pitfalls" 2 (2): e354-, 2004

28 Infat, P, "DNA barcoding of endangered Indian Paphiopedilum species" 12 : 82-90, 2012

29 Kim, H. M, "DNA barcoding of Orchidaceae in Korea" 14 : 499-507, 2014

30 Valentini, A, "DNA barcoding for ecologists" 24 : 110-117, 2009

31 Hollingsworth, P. M, "Choosing and using a plant DNA barcode" 6 (6): e19254-, 2011

32 Sang, T., "Chloroplast DNA phylogeny, reticulate evolution, and biogeography of Paeonia (Paeoniaceae)" 84 : 1120-1136, 1997

33 Thompson, J. D, "CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice" 22 : 4673-4680, 1994

34 Pang, X. H, "Applying plant DNA barcodes for Rosaceae species identification" 27 : 165-170, 2011

35 Kimura, M, "A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide-sequences" 16 : 111-120, 1980

36 Cameron, K. M, "A phylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences" 86 : 208-224, 1999

37 CBOL Plant Working Group., "A DNA barcode for land plants" 106 : 12794-12797, 2009