방글라데시 중부해안 풍수해 위험지역의 재난취약성 및 위기경감역량 실태 연구 : 파투아칼리 시(市)를 중심으로 = Vulnerability and Capability of Disaster Risk Reduction in Hydro-meteorological Hazards-stricken Areas of the Coastal Zone in Bangladesh: the Case Study of the District of Patuakhali

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구목적: 방글라데시에서 풍수해 피해와 기후변화영향에 노출된 중부해안지 역 내 파투아칼리 시를 대상으로 재난취약성과 위기경감을 위한 역량 정도를 실증적으로 검증하고자 한다. 연구의 중요성: 한국의 남아시아 중점협력국인 방글라데시는 재난취약성 징 후가 높은 국가임에도 중점협력분야에 재난위기경감이 누락되어 있다. 이는 對개도국 재난취약성 및 재난위기경감 역량관련 연구가 부족하고 특히 대표적 인 재난취약국인 방글라데시의 재난부문 연구도 미비한데 일부 기인한다. 이에 실증적 연구를 토대로 방글라데시 해안지대 내 지역사회기반 재난위기경감을 위한 개선방안을 제시한다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 연구방법론: 본 연구는 재난피해도, 재난위기경감 거버넌스 운용도, 조기경보 체계 및 주민대응도를 분석 틀로 하여 분야별 지표를 개발하고 파투아칼리시에 서 재난피해를 경험한 9개 마을을 추출하여 해당 거주민 598명과 11명의 정부 관계자를 대상으로 반구조화 설문조사를 실시하였고 수집된 데이터를 분석하 는 정량적 조사방법론을 채택하였다. 연구결과: 재난피해도 영역에서 인적피해는 양호한 반면, 시설물과 사회경제 적 피해는 큰 것으로 나타났다. 재난위기경감 거버넌스는 마을 별 위원회는 조직되어 있으나 대응인력이 부족하고 마을단위 재난위기경감전략과 계획, 관 련 자료의 기록과 보관이 부재하며 주기적 회의도 개최되지 않는 등 실질적으 로 기능하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 조기경보체계는 일부마을만 작동되고 주민들은 대응역할과 책임에 대한 인식이 결여되어 있으며 관련 연수나 훈련도 받은 경험이 거의 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론 및 시사점: 연구결과에 의거 재난위기경감과 기후변화대응형 농업역량 개발, 재난위기경감 거버넌스의 내실화, 조기경보체계 활성화를 통한 주민대응 역량 개발을 제시하였고 제3기 방글라데시 국별협력전략에 재난위기경감을 우선적으로 고려할 것을 제안하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: The study aims to empirically measure the extent of disaster vulnerability and capability for disaster risk reduction in Patuakhali district in the central coastal areas, exposed to hydro-meteorological hazards and climate change impacts in Bangladesh. Originality: Though Bangladesh, as the key partner country in the South Asia shows multiple disaster risks, disaster risk reduction has been ignored in the priority areas of country partnership strategy, issued by the ROK government. This partially due to lack of research on disaster risk reduction in hazard-stricken developing countries, nor is research on disaster in Bangladesh. Accordingly, this study is significant in that it proposes an recommendation for community based DRR in the coastal area of Bangladesh based on empirical research. Methodology: The study explores indicators of three key areas - the extent of damages of disasters, efficacy of community based DRR governance and early warning system and people’s perception on response as the conceptual framework. A semi-structured survey was conducted to 11 government officials, and 598 people selected from nine villages in Patuakhali district. The collected data was accordingly analyzed. Result: Firstly, no. of casualties was relatively low whereas essential facilities and socio-economic damages were recorded high. Though nascent DRR governance was established, lack of human resources for quick response, no strategy and plan for community based DDR, poor documentation of previous disaster records and few periodic meetings were identified. Finally, the early warning system was operated only in some villages, which led to lack of awareness of disaster response of respondents. They had little experience of relevant training. Conclusions and Implication: As the result of the study, it suggests that DRR and climate change adapted agriculture, well functioning of community based DRR governance and early warning system should be implemented. Furthermore, the Bangladesh partnership strategy has to be revised to include DRR in its priority areas.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 선행연구분석 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 분석결과 Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론

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