애플리케이션을 활용한 소형어선 자체검사승인제도 도입 방안에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Introduction of the Self Inspection Approval System for Small Fishing Vessels using the Mobile Application

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), all flag states must take measures with regard to the seaworthiness of ships, and observe and accept international regulations to ensure maritime safety of their own ships. As such, regular ship surveys should be carried out by qualified ship surveyors. In this regard, the government has implemented various policies to improve domestic maritime safety; however, domestic marine accidents have been on the rise since 2014. Especially, according to the analysis of the proportion of marine accidents by ship type, small fishing vessels account for the highest proportion and are gradually increasing; therefore, effective countermeasures are urgently needed.
The purpose of the ship inspection system is to prevent marine accidents by guaranteeing minimum safety against many risk factors that ships face at sea.
In order to effectively reduce marine accidents experienced by small fishing vessels, it is necessary to draw up a plan to improve the ship inspection system, which is a part of the marine accident prevention measures.

Accordingly, in this study, the paradigm shift of the international ship inspection system was analyzed first, and a recent international trend was considered.
A representative example of the paradigm shift in ship inspection system is the change in the perception of the seaworthiness of ships. The seaworthiness of ships has generally been limited to hardware elements for securing physical safety, such as stability, loading capacity, and crew. However, owing to the recent occurrence of large-scale marine accidents, and changes in social and cultural conditions, environmental protection such as the prevention of marine and air pollution, including aspects such as software elements for the establishment and maintenance of the shipping company’s (or ship owner’s) own safety management system is imperative.
Recently, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and each flag state have promoted various changes in the paradigm of ship inspection systems. In particular, the recent introduction and implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code and the Recognized Organization (RO) Code promote international standardization of the ship inspection system and demands owners’ and operators’ active participation in safety management.
The major international trends in the paradigm shift of the latest ship inspection system can be summarized as follows:
·International standardization is being sought to resolve the possibility of mutual disputes by avoiding nationalistic exclusivity in the safety of the sea as a common domain.
·All interested parties related to maritime safety should decide their roles and make efforts for mutual coexistence.
Based on this, the ‘PDCA Cycle-based Self Inspection Approval System (SIAS)’ was proposed as a paradigm shift in the domestic ship inspection system. This is a new type of ship inspection system that establishes the roles of interested parties in the ship inspection system based on the basic philosophy of the ISO 9000 series to improve the effectiveness of maritime safety. By having ship owners conduct ship inspections directly, they cultivate maritime safety awareness, and RO evaluates/reviews/approves self inspections based on professional technology, and guarantees improved effectiveness through continuous improvement of the system.
Subsequently, in this study, the ‘SIAS Mobile Application for Small Fishing Vessels’ was developed and applied to the demonstration/experiment of the PDCA Cycle-based Self Inspection Approval System.
The SIAS for small fishing vessels analyzed the cases of domestic and overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels to ensure realistic acceptance and reflected the results.
All small fishing boats in Korea were inspected by the Korea Maritime Transportation Safety Authority (KOMSA). In the case of overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels, Canada's Small Vessel Compliance Program (SVCP) and the UK's Annual Self-Inspection (ASI) were confirmed.
Based on the analysis results of the domestic and overseas self inspection system for small fishing vessels, it was developed as a mobile application-based non-face-to-face ship inspection system by combining the social environmental change factors of COVID-19 and ICT (Information and Communications Technologies)-based rapid development. The developed SIAS Mobile Application for small fishing vessels was distributed to incumbent inspectors and fishing vessel owners and its effectiveness was verified based on the expert group’s review.

The claims to be verified through application development and application in this study are as follows:
· (Effectiveness) It is necessary to introduce an SIAS for small fishing vessels to raise the owners' safety awareness through their direct participation.
· (Sociability) It is necessary to introduce a mobile application-based non-face-to-face ship inspection system by reflecting the environmental factors of the times.

The claim of this study was proved in the fact that expert opinions sought on the use of ‘SIAS Mobile Application for Small Fishing Vessels', were highly positive.

The application developed through this study is expected to be used as a prototype for the government's new ship inspection system, and through this, it is expected that the principal objective of reducing marine accidents of small fishing vessels will be achieved.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 필요성 1
• 1.1.1 해사안전 증진을 위한 새로운 정책 추진 1
• 1.1.2 소형어선 해양사고 감소를 위한 맞춤형 정책 도입 7
• 1.1.3 해사안전 의식고취를 위한 소형어선 검사제도 개선 10
• 1.1.4 어선 안전관리의 근본적 선박검사제도 운영 12
• 1.1.5 사회적·기술적 상황을 고려한 선박검사제도로 전환 14
• 1.2 연구의 목표와 방침 16
• 1.3 연구의 절차와 방법 17
• 제2장 국제 선박검사제도 패러다임 동향 분석 21
• 2.1 선박검사제도의 기원 : 해상보험과 선급 23
• 2.2 선박검사제도 근본목적의 정립 : 국제협약 26
• 2.2.1 해상인명안전협약(SOLAS)의 채택 27
• 2.2.2 해양오염방지협약(MARPOL)의 채택 27
• 2.2.3 선박검사제도의 근본목적 정립 28
• 2.3 해사안전 확보의 책임주체 정립 : 항만국통제 29
• 2.3.1 항만국통제(Port State Control, PSC) 30
• 2.3.2 정부검사 31
• 2.3.3 해사안전 확보의 책임주체 정립 32
• 2.4 표준화와 이해관계자의 역할 정립 : ISM/RO Code 33
• 2.4.1 국제안전경영코드(ISM Code)의 채택 34
• 2.4.2 대행기관코드(RO Code)의 채택 36
• 2.4.3 국제표준화와 이해관계자의 역할 결정 37
• 2.5 PDCA Cycle 기반 자체검사승인제도 제시 37
• 제3장 소형어선 자체검사제도 현황 분석 45
• 3.1 국내 소형어선 검사제도 현황 46
• 3.1.1 국내 소형어선검사 법제도 일반 47
• 3.1.2 국내 자체검사제도 운영 사례 54
• 3.1.3 국내 소형어선검사 현행 절차 57
• 3.1.4 국내 소형어선 검사현황 63
• 3.2 해외 소형어선 자체검사제도 사례 68
• 3.2.1 캐나다의 SVCP(Small Vessel Compliance Program) 69
• 3.2.2 영국(UK)의 ASI(Annual Self-Inspection) 75
• 제4장 소형어선 자체검사승인제도 애플리케이션 개발 80
• 4.1 소형어선 자체검사승인제도(SIAS) 절차 81
• 4.2 국내외 선박검사 애플리케이션 개발 현황 83
• 4.2.1 국외 선박검사 관련 애플리케이션 개발 현황 84
• 4.2.2 국내 해사안전관련 애플리케이션 개발 현황 85
• 4.3 애플리케이션 저작도구의 선정 88
• 4.4 소형어선 자체검사승인제도 애플리케이션 개발 91
• 4.4.1 설계 91
• 4.4.2 실행과 적용 95
• 4.5 소형어선 자체검사승인제도 실효성 검증 99
• 4.5.1 설문조사 개요 100
• 4.5.2 응답분석 101
• 제5장 결 론 111
• 5.1 연구의 결론 111
• 5.2 기대효과 114
• 5.3 향후 연구과제 115
• 참고문헌 116