스포츠 팀 지도자의 리더십이 팀 성과에 미치는 영향 : 팀 응집력과 팀 효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로 = The Mediating Effects of Team cohesion and Team Efficacy between Coach’s Leadership Styles and Team Performance

국문 초록 (Abstract)

우리나라는 국제 스포츠 경기에서도 우수한 성적을 거두며 엘리트 체육의 강국으로 도약했다. 하지만 그 이면에는 파벌, 폭력 코치, 성추행 파문 등 여러 불미스러운 일들이 종종 발생되고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 상하관계를 중시하는 유교사상을 바탕을 둔 권위적이고 지시적인 리더십이 주류를 이루고 있기 때문이다. 이와 같은 리더십에 대한 경향은 2002 월드컵 4강 신화를 이끌었던 거스 히딩크 감독의 등장으로 패러다임의 변화를 겪게 되었다. 본 연구는 우리나라 스포츠 계에서 리더십 패러다임의 변화가 진행되고 있다는 상황에서 등장한 여러 리더십 스타일의 효과성을 비교하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 다룬 네 가지 리더십은 거래적 리더십, 변혁적 리더십, 진성 리더십 그리고 슈퍼 리더십이다. 또한 본 연구는 리더십의 영향력을 설명할 수 있는 개념으로 종속변수인 팀 성과 외에도 팀 응집력과 팀 효능감을 매개변수로 보고 영향력을 검증하였다. 프로급 팀 스포츠 선수 461명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하여 분석한 결과, 팀 응집력에서는 진성 리더십이, 팀 효능감에서는 슈퍼 리더십이 가장 효과적인 리더십으로 판명되었다. 또한 이 두 리더십 스타일은 성과에서도 유의미한 직접적 효과를 나타냈다. 매개효과를 검증해본 결과팀 효능감은 진성 리더십과 슈퍼 리더십의 팀 성과에 대한 관계를 완전매개하며, 팀 응집력과 팀 효능감은 변혁적 리더십과 팀 성과와의 관계를 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 거래적 리더십의 경우 팀 효능감을 통해서 팀 성과를 부분 매개하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 스포츠 팀의 경쟁력 강화를 위해 선수들의 효능감과 응집력 등 심리요인의 중요성을 강조하며, 이러한 심리요인을 형성하는 과정에서 강한 영향력을 주는 리더십에 스타일에 대한 실무적인 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 연구의 말미에는 본 연구의 한계 및
향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Coach’s leadership has been considered as the most important factor in affecting team performance. This study investigates the effects of different leadership styles on team performance. We also propose two mediating mechanisms between leadership styles and team performance: Team efficacy and team cohesion. By investigating the mediating effects, we aim to investigate the pathway of leadership to performance. We developed four sets of
hypotheses: (1) The first hypotheses predicts the positive effect of each leadership style on team cohesion; (2) the second hypotheses predict the positive effect of each leadership styles on team efficacy; (3) the third hypotheses predicts the positive effects of team cohesion and efficacy on team performance; and (4) the fourth hypotheses predict the mediating effect of each leadership style on performance by both team cohesion and team efficacy. We tested the hypotheses with the sample of 461 professional athletes who belonged to five different
ball games (e.g. rugby, basketball, football, ice hockey, and volley ball). The finding provided an overall support of the hypotheses. We discussed the practical and theoretical implication of our findings in more detail.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서 론
• II. 이론적 배경 및 연구가설
• III. 연구방법
• IV. 연구결과
• V. 결 론

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