Effects of Elm Bark (Ulmus davidiana var. japonica) Extracts on the Modulation of Immunocompetence in Mice

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The immunomodulative effects of elm bark extract were studied in vitroby the proliferation of splenocytesand the production capacity of three kinds of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1., IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-.] bymouse peritoneal macrophages cultured with various fractions (methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and wa-ter) of elm bark extract. Splenocyte proliferation and cell viability of peritoneal macrophages were increased with concentra-.g/mL. Significantly higher levels of the produc-tion of all three cytokines were detected with supplementation of methanol extract compared with other fractions. In order toelucidate its effect in vivo, elm bark water extract was orally administrated every other day for 2 weeks. Proliferation of spleno-cytes and the production capacity of cytokines (IL-1., IL-6, and TNF-.) by mouse peritoneal macrophages were used as in-dices for immune activity. Splenocyte proliferation induced by elm bark with lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A stimula-tion was enhanced at 500 mg/kg of body weight concentrations compared to that of the control group. In the case of cytokines,the highest production of IL-6 and TNF-. was detected at 500 mg/kg of body weight concentrations. In conclusion, this studysuggests through in vitroand in vivo experiments that Ulmus davidianavar. japonica (elm bark) extracts may enhance theimmunocompetent properties such as splenocyte proliferation and cytokine production capacity by activated macrophages andhave a protective effect in mice.

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