A miniaturized electromagnetic vibration energy harvester using flux-guided magnet stacks for human-body-induced motion

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We present a miniaturized electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) that uses two flux-guided magnet stacks to harvest energy from common human-body-induced motions such as hand-shaking, walking, and slow running. We designed each magnet stack to increase the flux density within a given size of the harvester component, by guiding the flux lines through soft magnetic material and designed the miniaturized EMEH to up-convert the low-frequency vibration generated by human-body-induced motion to a high-frequency vibration by mechanical impact of a spring-less structure. Our use of a spring-less structure eliminates the challenges of designing a practical and reliable low-frequency (<5Hz) oscillator. Our low-frequency oscillator couples the human-body-induced vibration to two high-frequency oscillators (electromagnetic transducer elements). Each high-frequency oscillator consists of the analyzed 2-magnet stack and customized helical compression spring. We fabricated a standard AAA battery sized prototype (3.9cm<SUP>3</SUP>) and tested it with different human activities. We were able to generate a maximum 203μW, 32μW, and 78μW average power from hand-shaking, walking, and slow running motion, respectively. This miniaturized structure yields a maximum average power density of 52μWcm<SUP>−3</SUP>. We used a rectifier and multiplier circuit as the interface between the harvester and a wearable electronic load (wrist watch) to demonstrate the feasibility and capability of powering small-scale electronic systems from human-body vibration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A human-motion driven miniaturized EM energy harvester using flux-guided magnet stacks. </LI> <LI> Flux-guided magnet stack increases the power density more than three times. </LI> <LI> Capable of driving wearable electronics through efficient power conditioning circuitry. </LI> </UL> </P>