Antimicrobial Effect of Inula britannica Flower Extract against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The antimicrobial effect of the methanol extract of Inula britannica flowers against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was investigated. It was confirmed that the methanol extract is mainly composed of quercetin, which has antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial effect of the methanol extract against 3 MRSA strains was determined by the disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations were ranged from 0.625 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations were 2.5 mg/ml. Time kill kinetics revealed bactericidal activities, and the morphological alterations in S. aureus ATCC 33591 treated with the extract were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The methanol extract affected the expression of the resistant genes, mecA, mecI, and mecRI in mRNA. Therefore, the methanol extract of I. britannica flowers clearly demonstrated an antimicrobial effect against MRSA and these results suggest a potential for application as a natural antimicrobial agent.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 황보미, "해양 생물 유래의 항균 펩타이드 및 작용 기작" 한국미생물·생명공학회 38 (38): 19-23, 2010

2 Li X, "The role of femA regulating gene on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates" 42 : 218-225, 2012

3 Shan B, "The in vitro antibacterial activity of dietary spice and medicinal herb extracts" 117 : 112-119, 2007

4 Högberg LD, "The global need for effective antibiotics: challenges and recent advances" 31 : 509-515, 2010

5 Xu HX, "The antibacterial principle of Caesalpina sappan" 18 : 647-651, 2004

6 Kuwahara-Arai K, "Suppression of methicillin resistance in a mecA-containing pre-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain is caused by the mecI-mediated repression of PBP 2’ production" 40 : 2680-2685, 1996

7 Khan AL, "Secondary metabolites from Inula britannica L. and their biological activities" 15 : 1562-1577, 2010

8 이장현, "Screening of Antiviral Medicinal Plants against Avian Influenza Virus H1N1 for Food Safety" 한국축산식품학회 30 (30): 345-350, 2010

9 Todd ECD, "Microbiological safety standards and public health goals to reduce food-borne disease" 66 : 33-43, 2003

10 O’Shea S, "In vitro activity of Inula helenum against clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains including MRSA" 66 : 186-189, 2009

11 Song QH, "Hepatoprotective effects of Inula britannica on hepatic injury in mice" 14 : 180-186, 2000

12 Lim TT, "Genetic organization of mecA and mecA-regulatory genes in epidemic methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus from Australia and England" 50 : 819-824, 2002

13 Soon JM, "Foodborne disease in Malaysia: A review" 22 : 823-830, 2011

14 Ji-Won Lee, "Effect of Saliva miltiorrhiza Bunge on Antimicrobial Activity and Resistant Gene Regulation against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)" 한국미생물학회 45 (45): 350-357, 2007

15 Nyman JA, "Cost of screening intensive care unit patients for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals" 39 : 27-34, 2011

16 Hirai I, "Characterization of anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of quercetin" 45 : 1250-1254, 2010

17 Yang JH, "Antioxidant properties of several commercial mushrooms" 77 : 229-235, 2002

18 Talib WH, "Antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of Jordanian plants used in traditional medicine" 15 : 1811-1824, 2010

19 Lee JH, "Antimicrobial properties of whole milk with Inula britannica extract against Bacillus cereus strains during storage" 67 : 315-317, 2012

20 Maoz M, "Antimicrobial effects of aqueous plant extracts on the fungi Mircosporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum and on three bacterial species" 26 : 61-63, 1998

21 Lee JW, "Antimicrobial effect and resistant regulation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" 23 : 101-111, 2009

22 Kubo I, "Antibacterial activity of polygodial" 19 : 1013-1017, 2005

23 Woisky R, "Analysis of propolis: some parameters and procedures for chemical quality control" 37 : 99-105, 1998

24 Tanaka H, "A new biisoflavonoid from the roots of Erythrina variegata" 5 : 1781-1784, 2010