Chimpanzee is the most closely related living species of human. Human and chimpanzee genome project show that there is only about 1 % genome difference between the two species. The comparison of two species could show us the genetic components that ar...
Chimpanzee is the most closely related living species of human. Human and chimpanzee genome project show that there is only about 1 % genome difference between the two species. The comparison of two species could show us the genetic components that are related with lineage specific events since the divergence of the human and chimpanzee. The purpose of this study is to identify and to characterize evolutional changes in genome, especially in gene region, between these two species. In silico comparison was performed between human and chimpanzee genome. Among the identified 65248 insertion-deletion (INDEL) loci, 285 candidate genes were selected, and 130 genes were experimentally validated using sequencing. Although, 48 gene loci did not show any genetic differences between human and chimpanzee genome, 32 gene loci showed the lineage specific INDEL events between two species. Those INDEL events categorized into five different evolutionary mechanism including retroelements-related (5 genes - simple insertion; 4 genes - Alu recombination-mediated deletion; 1 gene - LINE recombination-mediated deletion; 2 genes - Solo-LTR formation), homologous recombination and excision (12 genes), tandem repeats variation (5 genes), gene conversion (2 genes), and processed pseudogene formation (1 gene) mechanism.