자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 부모의 자녀에 대한 기대 연구 = A Study on Expectation of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동을 자녀로 둔 부모의 자녀에 대한 기대를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 부모의 기대수준을 알아보기 위해 자녀의 장래 일에 대하여 얼마나 중요하다고 생각하는지에 대한 ‘중요도’와 그 일이 얼마나 실현가능하다고 생각하고 있는지에 대한 ‘가능성’을 조사하여 각 문항의 중요도와 가능성 점수 간 차이를 검증하였다. 중요도와 가능성 간 점수 차는 자녀의 장래문제와 관련된 부모의 스트레스 요인으로 볼 수 있다. 자폐스펙트럼장애의 경우 예측할 수 없는 발달양상이나 비전형적인 의사소통 문제, 또는 검증되지 않은 치료교육방법 등으로 인해 부모들은 독특한 스트레스를 가질 수 있기 때문에 부모의 효율기대는 낮을 가능성이 있다. 대구지방의 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동 부모 50명을 대상으로 하였으며, Ivey(2004)가 적용했던 부모의 기대 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구결과, ‘놀이나 게임을 즐길 것이다‘를 제외한 모든 문항에서 중요도와 가능성간 유의미한 차이가 나타나, 대부분의 부모들이 대부분의 자녀문제에 대해 ’중요한 문제이나 실현가능성은 없다’고 생각하는 것으로 파악되어 자녀문제에 대한 스트레스가 많고 기대를 낮게 갖고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 미국 중서부지방의 부모들을 대상으로 한 Ivey의 연구결과와 비교한 결과에서, 한국의 부모들이 자녀문제에 대해 더 많은 스트레스를 가지며 더 낮은 기대를 하는 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the expectation of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders(ASD)with regard to importance and likelihood issues of future outcomes. Participants for this study were drawn from a population consisting of parents of children with autism in Daegu.
Through convenience sampling, a total of 50 parents were surveyed. Six father, 42mothers, and 2 grandmother opted to participate in this study.Of the 50 children targeted, ages ranged from 5 through 12years.Diagnoses indicated 8 with mild autism,28 with moderate autism, and 14 with severe
autism, for a toal 92%. Asperger syndrome was reported in 4 of the children, making up the final 8% ofdiagnoses.
The 20-statement instrument that was used in this study was adapted from Ivey(2004) with the purpose of collecting data about parents' expectations of future outcomes for their children with autism spectrum disorders. The responses were scored on a 5 point scale.The relationship
between likelihood and importance of outcome issues for parents was examined.A paired t test was used to determine if the differences between the two constructs significantly differed from zero.
Results indicated that parents perceived a higher degree of importance than
likelihood for future outcomes. There were 19 differences between importance and likelihood that statistically significant at the .01 level. For 19 items, the
means for importance were higher than the means for likelihood. This results mean that most of parents of children with ASD think almost all items are very important for my children's future but they don't think it would be done. When this results were compared with Ivey's outcome(2004), parents' expectation of children with ASD in Daegu were lower than that of children with ASD in 2 midwestern states of America.

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