골프선수 요통예방 및 재활운동에 관한 문헌 고찰 = A Literature Review on the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Low Back Pain in Golf Players

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

[Purpose] Lower back pain and injuries are the most common injuries among golfers The purpose of this study was to provide basic information on the prevention of lower back pain and rehabilitation exercises for back injuries in golfers. [Method] Domestic and overseas literature surveys were conducted to identify relevant publications, and literature on prevention and rehabilitation of golf-related back injuries was reviewed. [Result] The incidence of golf back injuries was found to range from 18.2% to 54.0%. The causes of golf-related back injuries included characteristics such as golf swing movements, muscle strength, endurance and flexibility, and training characteristics, in addition to demographic characteristics such as age and sex. In order to prevent back pain and injuries, warm-up exercises including dynamic stretching, pre-season aerobic exercises, exercises for spinal stabilization, and flexibility exercises should be performed. [Conclusion] In conclusion, to effectively prevent back pain and injuries in golfers, the identified causes and characteristics of back injuries should be kept in mind and preventive exercise programs should be regularly performed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

[목적] 허리 통증 및 허리부상은 골프에서 발생하는 가장 흔한 부상이다. 이 연구의 목적은 골프선수의 요통예방과 허리부상 재활운동을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. [방법] 결과 도출을 위해 국내 및 해외 문헌조사를 실시하였으며, 골프 허리 부상과 예방 및 재활을 위한 방법에 대한 문헌을 검토하였다. [결과] 골프 허리부상의 발생률은 18.2-54.0%까지 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 골프 허리 부상의 원인은 골프 스윙 동작의 특성, 근력 및 근지구력과 유연성 특성, 훈련량 특성, 그 외 연령, 성별 등 기타 특성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 허리 통증과 부상을 예방하기 위해서는 동적스트레칭을 포함한 준비운동과 시즌 전 유산소운동, 척추안정화를 위한 운동, 유연성 운동을 실시해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 결론적으로 효과적으로 골퍼의 요통 및 허리 부상을 예방하기 위해서는 허리 부상의 원인과 특성을 파악하고 예방운동 프로그램을 지속적으로 수행해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 박형섭 ; 신준수, "코어 트레이닝과 웨이트 트레이닝 프로그램이 남자프로골프선수의 체력 및 드라이버 샷 비거리에 미치는 영향" 한국골프학회 8 (8): 1-8, 2014

2 강수응 ; 김창욱 ; 정은화, "여성골퍼의 웨이트 트레이닝과 발란스 트레이닝의 효과" 한국골프학회 11 (11): 111-126, 2017

3 전병오 ; 김수홍 ; 정구열 ; 최조연 ; 최윤동, "엘리트 골프 선수 체력훈련 고려사항에 대한 문헌고찰" 한국골프학회 14 (14): 307-321, 2020

4 서경묵 ; 김돈규, "아마추어 골퍼에서의 골프 관련 통증의 발생 빈도 및 분포" 대한스포츠의학회 21 (21): 27-34, 2003

5 김현희 ; 송창호, "스쿼트 운동시 자세가 안쪽빗넓은근과 가쪽넓은근의 근활성도 및 근활성비에 미치는 효과" 대한근관절건강학회 17 (17): 142-150, 2010

6 김태현, "서킷 웨이트트레이닝이 골프 선수의 드라이브샷 비거리에 미치는 영향" 4 : 81-91, 2008

7 안나영 ; 김기진, "골프선수의 필라테스를 통한 재활훈련 후 체력 및 신체 균형의 변화" 한국코칭능력개발원 14 (14): 153-160, 2012

8 김채수 ; 이원재 ; 김진환, "골프선수의 코어 및 웨이트 트레이닝 프로그램 병행이 드라이버 샷에 미치는 영향" 한국코칭능력개발원 15 (15): 133-140, 2013

9 이성호 ; 조혜영, "골프 동호인의 운동 상해요인과 처치형태에 관한 실태분석" 한국사회체육학회 (37) : 1303-1314, 2009

10 정영철 ; 강병용 ; 이성노 ; 이재구, "고교 골프선수들의 스포츠 상해에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인 분석" 대한체육학회 18 (18): 239-251, 2020

11 Brooks, J. H., "Warm-up programmes in sport" 337 : a2381-, 2008

12 Lindsay, D. M., "Trunk rotation strength and endurance in healthy normals and elite male golfers with and without low back pain" 1 (1): 80-89, 2006

13 McHugh, M. P., "To stretch or not to stretch : The role of stretching in injury prevention and performance" 20 (20): 169-181, 2010

14 Gluck, G. S., "The lumbar spine and low back pain in golf : A literature review of swing biomechanics and injury prevention" 8 (8): 778-788, 2008

15 Cole, M. H., "The crunch factor's role in golf-related low back pain" 14 (14): 799-807, 2014

16 Cole, M. H., "The biomechanics of the modern golf swing: implications for lower back injuries" 46 (46): 339-351, 2016

17 Sugaya, H., "Science and Golf III: Proceedings of the World Scientific Congress of Golf" Human Kinetics 83-91, 1999

18 Smith, J. A., "Risk factors associated with low back pain in golfers : A systematic review and meta-analysis" 10 (10): 538-546, 2018

19 Del Pozo-Cruz, B., "Reliability and validity of lumbar and abdominal trunk muscle endurance tests in office workers with nonspecific subacute low back pain" 27 (27): 399-408, 2014

20 Cholewicki, J., "Relative contribution of trunk muscles to the stability of the lumbar spine during isometric exertions" 17 (17): 99-105, 2002

21 Finn, C., "Rehabilitation of low back pain in golfers" 5 (5): 313-319, 2013

22 Adlington G. S., "Proper swing technique and biomechanics of golf" 15 (15): 9-26, 1996

23 McCarroll, J. R., "Professional golfers and the price they pay" 10 (10): 64-70, 1982

24 McGill, S., "Previous history of LBP with work loss is related to lingering deficits in biomechanical, physiological, personal, psychosocial and motor control characteristics" 46 (46): 731-746, 2003

25 Evans, K., "Predictors of low back pain in young elite golfers : A preliminary study" 6 (6): 122-130, 2005

26 Noonan, A. M., "Paraspinal muscle pathophysiology associated with low back pain and spine degenerative disorders" 4 (4): e1171-, 2021

27 DeLee, J., "Orthopaedic sports medicine: Principles and practice" Saunders/Elsevier 2010

28 Fox, E., "Musculoskeletal injury questionnaire for senior golfers" Human Kinetics 2002

29 McHardy, A., "Muscle activity during the golf swing" 39 (39): 799-804, 2005

30 Sutcliffe, J., "Magnetic resonance imaging findings of golf-related injuries" 37 (37): 231-241, 2008

31 Kim, S. B., "Lumbopelvic kinematic characteristics of golfers with limited hip rotation" 43 (43): 113-120, 2015

32 Cailliet, R., "Low back pain syndrome" F. A. Davis 1988

33 Axler, C. T., "Low back loads over a variety of abdominal exercises : Searching for the safest abdominal challenge" 29 (29): 804-811, 1997

34 Gosheger, G., "Injuries and overuse syndromes in golf" 31 (31): 438-443, 2003

35 McHardy, A. J., "Golf-related lower back injuries : an epidemiological survey" 6 (6): 20-26, 2007

36 McHardy, A., "Golf injuries: A review of the literature" 36 (36): 171-187, 2006

37 Thériault, G., "Golf injuries. An overview" 26 (26): 43-57, 1998

38 Parziale, J. R., "Golf injuries and rehabilitation" 17 (17): 589-607, 2006

39 Moffroid, M. T., "Endurance of trunk muscles in persons with chronic low back pain : Assessment, performance, training" 34 (34): 440-447, 1997

40 Pink, M., "Electromyographic analysis of the trunk in golfers" 21 (21): 385-388, 1993

41 Oranchuk, D. J., "Eight weeks of strength and power training improves club head speed in collegiate golfers" 34 (34): 2205-2213, 2020

42 Torres, E. M., "Effects of stretching on upper-body muscular performance" 22 (22): 1279-1285, 2008

43 Cè, E., "Effects of passive stretching on post-activation potentiation and fibre conduction velocity of biceps brachii muscle" 4 : 43-50, 2008

44 Molacek, Z. D., "Effects of low-and high-volume stretching on bench press performance in collegiate football players" 24 (24): 711-716, 2010

45 Haag, S. J., "Effects of acute static stretching of the throwing shoulder on pitching performance of national collegiate athletic association division III baseball players" 24 (24): 452-457, 2010

46 Fletcher, I. M., "Effect of an 8-week combined weights and plyometrics training program on golf drive performance" 18 (18): 59-62, 2004

47 Moran, K. A., "Dynamic stretching and golf swing performance" 30 (30): 113-118, 2009

48 Watkins, R. G., "Dynamic electromyographic analysis of trunk musculature in professional golfers" 24 (24): 535-538, 1996

49 Rissanen, A., "Does good trunk extensor performance protect against back-related work disability" 34 (34): 62-66, 2002

50 McGill, S. M., "Distribution of tissue loads in the low back during a variety of daily and rehabilitation tasks" 34 (34): 448-458, 1997

51 McGill, S. M., "Coordination of muscle activity to assure stability of the lumbar spine" 13 (13): 353-359, 2003

52 Hodges, P. W., "Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb" 77 (77): 132-144, 1997

53 Lindsay, D., "Comparison of spine motion in elite golfers with and without low back pain" 20 (20): 599-605, 2002

54 Panjabi, M. M., "Clinical spinal instability and low back pain" 13 (13): 371-379, 2003

55 Brukner, P., "Brukner & Khan's clinical sports medicine" McGraw-Hill 81-, 2012

56 Hosea, T. M., "Biomechanical analysis of the golfer's back" E and FN SPON 1990

57 Hosea, T., "Back pain in golf" 15 (15): 37-53, 1996

58 Leigh, R. J., "Back pain among junior golfers" Human Kinetics 92-96, 1999

59 Nicholas, J. J., "An epidemiologic survey of injury in golfers" 7 (7): 112-121, 1998

60 Smith, C. J., "A systematic review of strength and conditioning programmes designed to improve fitness characteristics in golfers" 29 (29): 933-943, 2011

61 Batt M. E., "A survey of golf injuries in amateur golfers" 26 (26): 63-65, 1992

62 Behm, D. G., "A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance" 111 (111): 2633-2651, 2011

63 Burdorf, A., "A one-year prospective study on back pain among novice golfers" 24 (24): 659-664, 1996

64 Morgan, D., "A new twist on golf kinematics and low back injuries" Clemson University 1997