A Study on the Development Policy of International Outsourcing in Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 총 수출액 중 외국인 부가가치 콘텐츠 점유율로 측정되는 국제 아웃소싱이 한국 기업 수준의 제조업 고용에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 조사했다. 본 논문은 2010∼2019년 OECD-WTO의 부가가치 교역과 한국 기업 수준의 고용 데이터를 공동 통계로 분석한 결과 국제 아웃소싱이 한국 제조업 고용의 일자리 증가에 부정적, 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 사실을 발견했다. 그러나 국제 아웃소싱이 고용에 미치는 영향은 제조업의 노동 강도에 따라 다르다. 특히 노동집약적 산업(부문별 관세 인하로 인한 제도)에서 총 수출액 중 외국인 부가가치 콘텐츠 점유율이 1% 증가하면 확고한 고용수준이 0.27% 감소하는 반면 대한민국 첨단산업은 0.31% 증가했다. 제조업의 일자리 증가에 대한 국제 아웃소싱의 효과는 전반적으로 고용이 0.13% 감소해 노동집약적 산업의 순 변위 효과가 고소득층의 순 생산성 효과를 지배하고 있음을 시사한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper empirically investigates the effect of international outsourcing, which is measured by foreign value added content share of gross exports, on Korean firm level employment in manufacturing industries. Using the joint OECD-WTO statistics on trade in value added and Korean firm level employment data between 2010 and 2019, this paper finds that international outsourcing has negative and statistically significant effects on job growth in Korean manufacturing employment. However, the effect of international outsourcing on employment differs on labor intensity of the manufacturing industries. In particular, an increase of foreign value added content share of gross exports in the labor intensive industries (instrumented by lowering sector-specific tariffs) by 1 percent decreases firm employment level by 0.27 percent while it increases 0.31 percent in the high-technology industries in the Republic of Korea. Overall the effect of international outsourcing on job growth in the manufacturing sector decreases firm employment by 0.13 percent, implying the net displacement effects in the labor intensive industries dominate the net productivity effects in the high-technology industries. The empirical findings are robust even after taking into account the roles of headquarter intensity and firm heterogeneity in outsourcing.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Literature Review Ⅲ. Stylized Facts on International Outsourcing in Asia Ⅳ. Empirical Analysis Ⅴ. Results Ⅵ. Conclusions References

참고문헌 (Reference)

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