사비도성 내 묘역의 조성과 확장 = Formation and Expansion of the Cemeteries in Sabi Capital City

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Until now, studies on the stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period have focused on Royal Tombs, represented by the Neungsan-ri Tombs of Buyeo and the Twin Tombs of Iksan, and stone chamber tombs found throughout Sabi Capital City and its environs.
These studies have tried to identify changes in stone chamber tomb architecture, the identity of the deceased buried in the tomb, the government official ranking system (including rank grade), and the nature of the local ruling system. This study tries to restore the social aspects that can be identified in terms of the process of cemetery formation and expansion by examining the cemeteries of the Sabi Period found throughout Sabi Capital City.
For this purpose, a radius of about 5km was drawn around the site of Gwanbuk-ri site, where major buildings of the capital city were located, and this was established as the range of Sabi Capital City. The way in which numerous stone chamber tombs were constructed within cemeteries, as well as how densely the cemeteries were located, was examined.
Next, This study undertook a formal classification of the stone chamber tombs by extracting attributes reflecting temporal elements, among the various attributes of stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period. The stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period were resultingly classified into 10 types.
This study regards that the formal changes of stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period resulted from new construction techniques, such as the use of door frames and hexagonal type ceilings. Moreover, changes in perceptions of burial were seen to have resulted in the transition from double burials to single burials which was accompanied by the scaling down of the stone chamber. Based on this perspective, three phases were established based on changes in the stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period. The first phase, which is characterized by the use of opening type door structures and tunnel ceilings, came to an end with the appearance of complete door frames and hexagonal type ceilings. The second phase is characterized by the use of complete door frames and hexagonal type ceilings.
The third phase experienced changes in ideas about burial, which led to a scaling down in the real width of the stone chamber. With this, structure simplification occurred in the third phase.
Lastly, on the basis of changes in the stone chamber tombs of the Sabi Period and the characteristics of each phase, this study was able to identify that the cemeteries distributed throughout Sabi Capital City were formed at different times, and that they had expanded or had been newly formed with the flow of time. First, this study inferred that cemeteries could have been formed at an early time in cases when their locations were geographically adjacent to the Capital City or were advantageous when travelling by road. Cemeteries located in areas associated with the local power base or which were deemed important prior to the establishment of Sabi Capital City could also be attributed to early dates. Next, this study identified that the expansion of earlier cemeteries and newly formed cemeteries was directly related to the rise of stone chamber tombs. This study proposes that the reformation of the government official ranking system which took place during the reformation of national ruling system during the reign of King Wideok (威德王) provided the background for the rise of stone chamber tombs, since the reformation expanded the ranks that could build stone chamber tombs. Also, aspects of expansion between ridges within the same cemetery and newly formed cemeteries accompanying the rise of stone chamber tombs were inferred to be related to the phenomenon of new clans advancing into the center, as a consequence of the branching of clans based on blood relations and reformation of the government official ranking system.

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