중국 산업별 취업구조 변화 연구 = A Study on the Employment Structure Change in China through by Industries

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

After China carried out the policy of economic reform and opened its gate to foreign intercourse, market competition in the industry became keen. This caused serious unemployment problems and it threatened economic advance and social stability in China. If Chinese government can't settle these problems, economic development can't be expected in the future.
This paper focuses on degrees of contribution of three major industries to national economy, analyzes employment structure, predicts changes in employment by industries after China's joining WTO and helps Korea easily access and approach to China.
This study proves that the degrees of contribution of three major industries to GDP in China differs through by industries. GDP component proportion in primary industry shows a downward tendency. In secondary industry it is at a standstill and in tertiary industry it goes on increasing. In the area of employment, after the reform and gate opening, tertiary industry makes great progress and produce output value and employment rate in tertiary industry ascend rapidly. On the contrary, employment rate in primary and secondary industry descends. In the field of foreign investment, foreign capitals imported in primary industry are few. Most of them are invested in secondary industry. The amount of foreign capitals imported in tertiary industry have been slowly increasing. But China's recent joining to WTO accelerates the investment in tertiary industry.
After the economic reform, large amount of residuary labor force switched into the labor in industry segment at the early stage was created. From late 1990's, however, increasing unemployment in industry segment caused by industrial structure adjustment such as government-owned enterprise reform made it hard to absorb agricultural labor. Instead of industry segment, tertiary industry embarked itself in absorbing agricultural labor from late 1990's and much of agricultural residuary labor force was switched to tertiary industry labor. This tendency is expected to continue and increase for the time being. Secondary industry in which manufacturing occupies 90% have been decreased from 1998. Among 15 branches of trade in manufacturing 11 branches except sewing, leather, timber processing, electric machine and communication facilities are losing their laborer. It means that there has been a decrease in resources intensive field and traditional branches while labor-intensive maintains its power. Laborers in tertiary industry are increasing each year and the percentage of employment in traditional branches is the highest. The rate of employment increase is higher in emerging branches. Therefore continuous development is expected in these branches.
Synthetically, primary industry tends to sink in occupancy rate and the percentage of employment, secondary industry shows the tendency of gradual fall, whereas tertiary industry will develop and increase and ultimately become the core industry which is going to have strong effect on Chinese industrial development.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 산업별 국민경제에 대한 공헌
• Ⅲ. 산업별 취업구조의 변화
• Ⅳ. WTO 가입 후 산업별 취업구조에 대한 영향
• Ⅴ. 결론

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