은행권 해외진출 규제의 문제점과 개선방안 - 美 규정과의 비교를 중심으로 - = Problems and Measures for Improvement of the Foreign Expansion Restrictions for Banks - Focusing on comparison to US regulations -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

For the past ten years, the overseas offices of Korean financial institutions have grown quantitatively and qualitatively. The consistent and various forms of support of the supervisory authorities, such as the establishment of the exclusively responsible organization Financial Hub Korea, conference for foreign expansion support, training by inviting employees of supervisory authorities from emerging countries, interviews with foreign supervisory authorities to resolve issues, relief of foreign expansion restrictions, etc. have contributed significantly to such growth. Meanwhile, as the supervisory authorities have to consolidated supervision to overseas offices in addition to the Korean financial institutions, they are responsible for ensuring that the overseas offices maintain sound management and comply with the laws of Korean and local supervisory authorities. While the local supervisory authorities will thoroughly supervise soundness in management of the overseas offices and whether they comply with the law because the restriction level often differs from that of Korea and the relevant information may not be quickly accessible when the area is beyond jurisdiction, elaborate institutional support is necessary for supervision and management of overseas offices. Therefore, this paper examined whether the currently enforced foreign expansion-related restrictions have the appropriate system that can identify or manage the major risks that can occur from the activation of foreign expansion at an early stage, with the awareness that the support of the supervisory authorities for activation of foreign expansion should be fulfilled based on an elaborate supervision system for overseas offices. To analyze this, the most recent major risk types and cases focused on the bank industry in which foreign expansion is most active were identified, and the current institutional problems and measures for improvement related to the foreign expansion of banks were drawn through comparison to the foreign expansion regulations of the US. The US has a well-equipped minimum control system, such as consideration of detailed and overall grade of capital ratio from the early stage of foreign expansion for banks, strict liability for violations, etc. It should be noted that the supervisory authorities' detailed management system supports the active foreign expansion of US banks. Therefore, if the current foreign expansion restrictions are remedied with this reference, it can be expected that the risks from foreign expansion that are difficult to control by the supervisory authorities with the current restrictions could be identified in advance without conflicting with the various supporting plans currently pursued by the supervisory authorities, and the management system could be empowered.