地方議會의 社會福祉 立法化 傾向分析 : 果川市議會를 中心으로 = An Analysis on the Tendency of the Legislation of Social Welfare in Local Councils

국문 초록 (Abstract)

한글초록:본 연구는 1991년 지방자치가 시작되면서 변화된 사회환경과 다양해진 지역주민의 복지욕구를 충족시키기 위해 정책을 결정해야 하는 지방정부에서 지역주민들의 복지서비스에 대한 역할을 증대하기 위해 주민을 대표하는 지방의회의 역할이 중요시 되고 있다.본 논문에서는 과천시의 사회복지 정책결정과정에서 나타난 지방의회가 사회복지 조례제정 기능을 수행하는데 어느 정도의 역할을 하는지를 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구의 분석대상은 과천시의회이며 지방의회가 시작된 1991년부터 2003년까지 13년 동안 이루어진 사회복지 조례안에 대하여 분석하였다. 분석해 본 결과 조례안의 심의ㆍ의결과정에서 시의회가 행사한 영향력에는 초기에는 부진하여 제 역할을 제대로 수행하지 못하였으나 시간이 지나면서 나름대로 의결기관으로서의 역할을 수행하는 것으로 분석되었다. 분석결과 사회복지 조례 중 시장이 발의한 30건의 조례 중에서 수정 통과된 비율은 8건을 차지해 23%의 수정률로 나타났다. 의회의원이 발의한 3건에 대해서는 수정 없이 통과 되었으나 조례안의 심의ㆍ의결에서는 의원들의 질의가 활발히 이루어져 관심도가 비교적 큰 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 지방자치실시 이후 주민참여는 활성화되어 가고 있지만 지방의회의원들의 조례제정의 실적은 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서 나타난 지방의회의원의 지역복지 증진을 위한 개선 방향을 살펴보면 다음과 같다.첫째, 지방의회의 정책 능력을 향상시키기 위해 정보수집과 자료제공을 신장시킬 수 있도록 제도적 장치가 필요하다. 둘째, 사회복지 문제를 위해 시의회가 지역주민의 복지와 권리를 해결해 줄 수 있는 조례의 제정에 적극성을 보여야 한다. 또한 자치단체의 행정정보의 공개가 제도적으로 이루어져야 한다.셋째, 의원정수가 적은 경우 각 자치 단체의 실정에 맞게 대표성 문제를 감안하여 운영할 수 있도록 한다.넷째, 지방의원의 의정활동에 관심이 적은 지역주민들에게 정기적인 의정보고회를 활성화 하여 지역사회의 당면문제에 대한 의견과 여론을 수렴 파악하여 정책입안이나 의정활동에 적극적으로 반영해야 한다. 또한 지방의회에 부정적인 지역 언론을 통해 주민들에게 의회활동에 대해 홍보 하도록 하여야 한다.끝으로 주민참여의 강화와 지역사회복지만을 담당하는 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 한다

국문 초록 (Abstract)

영문초록:This study was intended to present institutional improvements in terms of adminstration and finance, resident participation and local council and welfare policy and service. For this purpose, it attempted to assume that the role played by local government in local community welfare due to changes in the social and environmental conditions would increase in the age of local autonomy and consider the plan to increase local welfare in order to predict and efficiently cope with local residents' demand for diverse welfare services in the current local community in advance. An attempt was made to summarize the study results. In administrative terms, general public officials working as social affairs performed a role of the public officials specializing in social welfare due to the lack of manpower working as the personnel of social welfare. This led to the drop of speciality and residents' lack of consciousness on the increase of welfare and difficulty in coping with local residents' demand for local welfare. The greater problem was that the boss with no speciality headed the member taking exclusive charge of social welfare and the budget allocated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare was implemented by local government placed under the control of the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs. The increase of the personnel in charge of social welfare and the institutional device for them to specialize in local community welfare alone should be achieved. In financial terms, the local government has the difficulty of expecting the efficient increase of local community welfare as it depends on national government for local finance and has the low degree of financial independence. For this reason, national government should provide support for local government to increase local welfare until it comes to have the higher degree of financial self-reliance through the expansion of local finance. In terms of resident participation, resident participation has been activated since the enforcement of local autonomy, but residents' level of welfare consciousness is low. The resident campaign based on local community as the base for residents' life is being activated from the stage of manifesting complaints due to the increase of large-scale development projects and the worsening of the living environment and the like since the implementation of local autonomy. Especially, the resident movement is refueled through the partnership with non-government organizations. But the problem is that information on administration of local government is not systematically well disclosed and among other things, public officials have the low level of perception on resident participation. In terms of local council, local councilors have the low level of welfare consciousness in accordance with the rationale for development of local economy and show the very poor track record of enacting ordinances by making improper efforts to enact required ordinances to increase local welfare. It is necessary to enact and amend related ordinances in order to realize the welfare and rights of local residents. In terms of welfare policy and service, government are making many efforts to improve them through the amendment of productive welfare policy and laws, but efforts should be made to provide real welfare service and increase local welfare in mutual cooperation and linkage between the public sector and the private sector. As regards the plan to improve the system for increasing local community welfare, this study arrived at the following conclusion:First, it is necessary to establish the body in charge of local community welfare as part of reorganizing the local welfare organization and agency. Second, national government should devolve its authority to local government and examine administration and finance to overcome the low level of local financial self-reliance. Third, the public assistance project should be internalized by making a reasonable choice of guardians. Fourth, welfare services for children, the aged and the disabled should be expanded to extend and reinforce social welfare services. Fifth, it is necessary to link local administrative services with the principle of users bearing the expenses to develop the local welfare of local government. In addition, it is necessary to secure the specialized manpower of local community welfare, raise its position, reinforce resident participation, cultivate and activate the social welfare council, reinforce social welfare education and cultivate and develop other private social welfare institutions. Sixth, it is necessary to enhance local councilors' local welfare consciousness which could lead them to have the active attitude towards enacting the ordinance reflecting residents' desire for local welfare. Finally, front-line public officials really implementing local social welfare need to make a hight interest in and shift in thinking of local residents' welfare needs